An Analysis on Agricultural Sustainability in India

Kareemulla, K.; Venkattakumar, R.; Samuel, Manoj P.

doi:10.18520/cs/v112/i02/258-266

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The higher SLSI ranking of coastal Kerala implied that the state has the best ecological and socio-economic conditions for sustainable development. In an earlier study, agricultural sustainability in different states of India measured over a ten-year gap indicated that the sustainable agricultural progress in the state of Kerala has made it move from sixth to the second position from 2001 to 2011 [48]. Our findings are analogous to this study on agricultural suitability.…”

Section: Sustainable Livelihood Security Index (Slsi)supporting

confidence: 84%

Assessment of Sustainability and Priorities for Development of Indian West Coast Region: An Application of Sustainable Livelihood Security Indicators

et al. 2020

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The measurement of sustainability in terms of social, economic, and ecological indicators significantly influences the achievement of sustainable development goals. This paper presents a sustainable livelihood security index (SLSI) by selecting 20 indicators and positions them within the ecological, economic, and social dimensions of sustainable development for the Indian west coast. These indicators were first normalized and, using estimated weights, indices were computed. Important indicators were shortlisted by a two-step process, namely, principal component analysis and linear and nonlinear weighted scores. The results revealed that indicators such as forest cover, net sown area, milk availability, groundwater availability, land productivity, food grain availability, rural road connectivity, villages electrified, and land degradation were found to be important indicators. Kerala was found as the most developed state followed by Gujarat, Karnataka, Maharashtra, and Goa in linear and non-linear weighted scoring. The study identifies the Jamnagar, Junagadh, Kachchh, Ratnagiri, and Sindhudurg districts as the districts with the highest priority for development through investment and policy interventions. The study concludes that the west coast region, in terms of its sustainable development levels, improved significantly with a focus on low-SLSI districts by considering ecological, economic, and social dimensions in planning for technological development and dissemination.

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Section: Sustainable Livelihood Security Index (Slsi)supporting

confidence: 84%

Assessment of Sustainability and Priorities for Development of Indian West Coast Region: An Application of Sustainable Livelihood Security Indicators

et al. 2020

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“…The overall CVI scores clearly indicated that 67 percent of cells have either extremely high or high agricultural vulnerability in the selected 22 case study areas in coastal Andhra Pradesh (Krishna and Guntur districts). As shown in Figure 13, more than 48 percent of cells were rated as having very high vulnerability (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24), and 19 percent of the cells were rated as highly vulnerable (16)(17)(18). In addition, only six percent of the cells were found to be moderately vulnerable (12)(13)(14)(15).…”

Section: Overall Agcvi Scores and Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Agriculture in India faces even more complex challenges, due to diverse factors such as the shrinking amount of agricultural land, depletion of water and irrigation sources and increased labour costs [19]. As about 60 percent of the cultivated area is rain-fed [20], climate change would not only affect the overall production of food crops and the food security of millions of people, but also threaten their livelihoods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Vulnerability of Agriculture Systems to Climate Change in Coastal Areas: A Novel Index

et al. 2020

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This study proposes a novel index to evaluate agricultural vulnerability to climate change in coastal areas, using the case of Andhra Pradesh, the state with the second longest coastline in India. Field data was collected from more than 1000 farmers (involved in over 50 varieties of crops) in 22 riverine and coastal case study areas. Data was collected through site visits, surveys and five workshops conducted between November 2018 and June 2019. Based on the collected data sets, a new Agricultural Coastal Vulnerability Index (AGCVI) was developed and applied to the 22 sites located in two districts (Krishna and Guntur) of Coastal Andhra Pradesh. The analysis revealed that the areas with three crop seasons (Kharif, Rabi and Zaid) per year are highly vulnerable to climate change. On the other hand, sites with one crop season (Kharif) per annum are the least vulnerable to climate change. Moreover, grains (particularly rice), flowers and fruit crops are more susceptible to climate change and its induced impacts. Rice is no longer a profitable crop in the case study areas partly as a result of unfavourable weather conditions, inadequate insurance provision and lack of government support for farmers. Cumulatively, all these circumstances impact farmers’ incomes and socio-cultural practices: this is leading to a marriage crisis, with a reduction in the desirability of matrimony to farmers. These findings provide valuable information that can support climate and agriculture policies, as well as sustainable cropping patterns among farmers’ communities in coastal areas of India in the future.

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“…However, while combining ecologically conducive agricultural systems with traditional farming practices would be imperative, the presence of many smallholder farmers in different parts of India may limit such transition [5]. Under these circumstances, crop diversification may become a useful strategy [27,40], 7 particularly for reducing dependence on monoculture cropping [65] and its influence on environmental degradation. Furthermore, impact of crop diversification and irrigation on intensification is quite complex and ambiguous as it also depends on other factors such as crop types, seasons of cultivations, local agro-ecological conditions and policy and institutional supports.…”

Section: Changes In Irrigation Intensity Crop Diversification and Agricultural Intensificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irrigation-based agricultural intensification and future groundwater potentiality: experience of Indian states

et al. 2021

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While access to assured irrigation is a prerequisite for sustainable agricultural intensification, increasing use of groundwater for the same and decreasing areas under surface irrigation are expected to cause considerable hydro-ecological imbalance and hence serious concerns for sustainability. Importantly, the extent, nature, efficiency and impact of irrigation vary across regions depending on the geophysical and agro-climatic conditions, farming practices and socioeconomic setup. Nevertheless, it is suggested that appropriate crop diversification coupled with necessary policy and institutional supports can potentially reduce pressure on groundwater and make intensification in agriculture sustainable. Given this backdrop, this paper examines impact of irrigation and crop diversification on agricultural intensification and its implications for future groundwater dynamics in major Indian states. Using secondary data and applying panel data regression techniques for the period 1990–1991 to 2014–2015, the paper finds that both greater irrigation facilities and diversified crop basket increase cropping intensity. Similarly, use of more chemical fertilizers and higher yield also influence cropping intensity positively. However, rainfall variations and share of GSDP in agriculture have no significant impact. Based on the literature review and the above findings as well as using the insights from the informal interactions and random discussion carried out with the farmers and others stakeholders (e.g., researchers, community workers, extension service providers, NGO, etc.), the fuzzy cognitive models show that future policies and institutions should focus on improvement in agricultural systems and promoting surface irrigation. Besides, conservation and harvesting of rainwater, efficient functioning of the user groups, judicious use of chemical fertilizers and emphasis on cultivation of less water-intensive crops would also be crucial in this regard.

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An Analysis on Agricultural Sustainability in India

Cited by 26 publications

References 12 publications

Assessment of Sustainability and Priorities for Development of Indian West Coast Region: An Application of Sustainable Livelihood Security Indicators

Assessment of Sustainability and Priorities for Development of Indian West Coast Region: An Application of Sustainable Livelihood Security Indicators

Assessing the Vulnerability of Agriculture Systems to Climate Change in Coastal Areas: A Novel Index

Irrigation-based agricultural intensification and future groundwater potentiality: experience of Indian states

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