An Analytical Model of ELF Radiowave Propagation in Ground-Ionosphere Waveguides With a Multilayered Ground

Kułak, Andrzej; Młynarczyk, Janusz; Kozakiewicz, Joanna

doi:10.1109/tap.2013.2268244

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…CM variation in the source process is reconstructed by correcting the measured signals for transformations caused by the recording system and the propagation in the Earth‐ionosphere spherical waveguide. Details of the method are discussed by Kulak et al (), Mlynarczyk et al (), and Mlynarczyk et al (). RSs are characterized by their CMC obtained from the maximum recorded amplitude of the corresponding extremely low frequency signals using the impulse approximation (iCMC; Berger et al, ; Kułak et al, ).…”

Section: Instrumentation Data and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Series of +CG Lightning Strokes in Dancing Sprite Events

Bór¹,

Zelkó

Hegedüs

et al. 2018

JGR Atmospheres

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In dancing sprite events, sprite entities and groups appear in rapid succession together with a corresponding series of parent lightning strokes. Dancing sprite events, including a case with possible sprite rebrightening, were recorded on video simultaneously from two observation sites above a mesoscale convective system in Central Europe on the night of 6 August 2013. Joint analysis of triangulated locations of sprite elements, position, type, and peak current of lightning strokes from the LINET lightning detection network database and current moment waveforms deduced at the Hylaty station, Poland, showed that subsequent sprite-parent lightning strokes occurred no further than 21 km from the closest preceding sprite entity in the cases analyzed in this study. Additionally, it was found that longer sprite delay times tend to correspond to larger sprite location offsets from the parent +CG stroke. These observations, the occurrence of +CG lightning stroke and sprite sequences, as well as sprite-sprite delay times and displacements can be explained if +CG strokes are part of one extended lightning flash. A corresponding production mechanism based on previous findings on the formation of sprite-producing and general +CG lightning discharges is suggested.Plain Language Summary In dancing sprite events, sprites appear in rapid succession together with a corresponding series of parent lightning strokes. Dancing sprite events were recorded on video simultaneously from two observation sites above an extended thunderstorm system in Central Europe on the night of 6 August 2013. Comparison of triangulated sprite locations and the locations of corresponding lightning activity revealed that subsequent sprite-parent lightning strokes occurred below or relatively near the location of the closest preceding sprite entity in the examined cases. In this paper, a mechanism is suggested for the development of lightning flashes that produce dancing sprites. The proposed mechanism accounts for prompt and delayed sprites relative to their parent lightning stroke, highlights the role of the variation of lightning current in sprite production, and can explain the observed closeness of the next +CG lightning stroke to the area of previous sprites.

show abstract

Section: Instrumentation Data and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Series of +CG Lightning Strokes in Dancing Sprite Events

Bór¹,

Zelkó

Hegedüs

et al. 2018

JGR Atmospheres

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A detailed description of the complex propagation parameter and the complex altitudes can be found in Kulak et al . [].…”

Section: The Methods For Reconstructing the Current Moment Waveformmentioning

confidence: 99%

An unusual sequence of sprites followed by a secondary TLE: An analysis of ELF radio measurements and optical observations

et al. 2015

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We present an extraordinary case of sprites in rapid succession-four sprite clusters in only 400 ms -followed by a secondary jet. Simultaneous ELF and optical observations, as well as lightning data, enabled us to thoroughly document this unique event. Locations of the transient luminous events (TLEs) were triangulated using video recordings from Nydek (Czech Republic) and Sopron (Hungary). We found that sprites were displaced up to 70 km from their parent lightning. The current moment waveform and charge moment changes associated with the event were reconstructed from the ELF electromagnetic signature recorded at the Hylaty station (Poland) by a new method. The results suggest that both a short-delayed and a long-delayed sprite were generated by a single positive cloud-to-ground discharge that had an intense continuing current. It had an unusual progression and lasted 200 ms. A large increase in the current moment during the development of a massive carrot sprite provides evidence in favor of sprite current. Our results also support the formation of an electric environment hypothesized to be necessary for the generation of the secondary TLEs.

show abstract

“…Typical values of h e and h m at 8 Hz for the daytime ionosphere are h e ≈53 km and h m ≈101 km [ Kulak et al , ] and for the nighttime ionosphere h e ≈63 km and h m ≈114 km [ Kułak and Młynarczyk , ]. More information about the characteristic altitudes of the Earth‐ionosphere waveguide, their relationship with the transmission line parameters of the TDTE model and their calculation from the electric and magnetic field components of the radio wave can be found in Kulak et al []. Since the altitudes of the Earth‐ionosphere waveguide depend on frequency, we can expect different behavior of each SR mode during the SID, depending on the ionizing fluxes reaching different regions of the lower ionospheric layers and the local recombination timescales in these layers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel analysis of a sudden ionospheric disturbance using Schumann resonance measurements

et al. 2015

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A spherical cavity between Earth and the lower ionosphere forms a global resonator for Extremely Low Frequency electromagnetic waves. Constant thunderstorm activity leads to the formation of a resonance field in the cavity, known as the Schumann resonance. Solar flare generated Sudden Ionospheric Disturbances (SID) modify the ionosphere affecting the ground-based radio communication systems. They are also expected to modify radiowave propagation in the cavity. In this paper, the Schumann Resonance spectral decomposition method is used for the first time to study the cavity resonance frequencies during the SID accompanying a strong X2.1 solar flare. We analyzed rapid changes in the frequencies and Q factors of the first five resonance modes using a 5 min timescale. The observed frequency shifts were compared to the ionizing solar flare fluxes in the UV, X-ray, and high-energy rays.

show abstract

An Analytical Model of ELF Radiowave Propagation in Ground-Ionosphere Waveguides With a Multilayered Ground

Cited by 13 publications

References 13 publications

On the Series of +CG Lightning Strokes in Dancing Sprite Events

On the Series of +CG Lightning Strokes in Dancing Sprite Events

An unusual sequence of sprites followed by a secondary TLE: An analysis of ELF radio measurements and optical observations

Novel analysis of a sudden ionospheric disturbance using Schumann resonance measurements

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About