An anatomical model for studying cerebellar tonsillar herniation related to raised intracranial pressure

Abstract

Brain herniation is one of the most feared complications of many neurological pathologies. However, current understanding of the mechanisms behind brain herniation syndromes is poor. By investigating the correlations between raised intracranial pressure (ICP) and herniation of the cerebellar tonsils, we hope to develop a model that can be used to study intracranial fluid dynamics and its effects on brain tissue. This will facilitate evaluation of patients with elevated ICP and development of novel treatments including surgical approaches for decompressing the posterior cranial fossa and upper cervical spine. A standard suboccipital surgical approach was used to

Foramen magnum morphometry in children based on computed tomography examination

“…The reduction in the size of the foramen magnum is found in patients with achondroplasia due to significantly lower skull base growth due to premature bone fusion [9]. In the case of patients with Chiari I and II malformations, the dimensions of FM were more significant than in the healthy population (mainly transverse) as a consequence of the appearance of the cerebellar tonsil herniation and the displacement of brain structures toward the spinal canal and the deformation of FM as an effect of intracranial pressure [4,13,15]. In anthropology, morphometric studies help to determine the anthropometric differences between populations, such as ethnicity, sex, age, genetic factors, eating habits, and regional changes related to the living environment, which may influence the shape and size of bone structures [16] but also distinguish the norm from a pathological condition [17].…”