An annotation of cuts, depicted locations, and temporal progression in the motion picture "Forrest Gump"

Häusler, Christian Olaf; Hanke, Michael

doi:10.12688/f1000research.9536.1

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The correlation of isLocTemp with nObservers was 0.8 ( p = 4 × 10 −5 ). The studyforrest project already includes annotations for every film shot, including the spatial location and indication of temporal progression relative to the preceding shot ( Häusler and Hanke, 2016 ). These were used to create separate predictors for change in location (isLoc) or time (isTemp).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hippocampal Film Editor: Sensitivity and Specificity to Event Boundaries in Continuous Experience

2018

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The function of the human hippocampus is normally investigated by experimental manipulation of discrete events. Less is known about what triggers hippocampal activity during more naturalistic, continuous experience. We hypothesized that the hippocampus would be sensitive to the occurrence of event boundaries, that is, moments in time identified by observers as a transition between events. To address this, we analyzed functional MRI data from two groups: one (n = 253, 131 female) who viewed an 8.5 min film and another (n = 15, 6 female) who viewed a 120 min film. We observed a strong hippocampal response at boundaries defined by independent observers, which was modulated by boundary salience (the number of observers that identified each boundary). In the longer film, there were sufficient boundaries to show that this modulation remained after covarying out a large number of perceptual factors. This hypothesis-driven approach was complemented by a data-driven approach, in which we identified hippocampal events as moments in time with the strongest hippocampal activity. The correspondence between these hippocampal events and event boundaries was highly significant, revealing that the hippocampal response is not only sensitive, but also specific to event boundaries. We conclude that event boundaries play a key role in shaping hippocampal activity during encoding of naturalistic events.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Recent years have seen the field of human neuroscience research transitioning from experiments with simple stimuli to the study of more complex and naturalistic experience. Nonetheless, our understanding of the function of many brain regions, such as the hippocampus, is based primarily on the study of brief, discrete events. As a result, we know little of what triggers hippocampal activity in real-life settings when we are exposed to a continuous stream of information. When does the hippocampus “decide” to respond during the encoding of naturalistic experience? We reveal here that hippocampal activity measured by fMRI during film watching is both sensitive and specific to event boundaries, identifying a potential mechanism whereby event boundaries shape experience by modulation of hippocampal activity.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hippocampal Film Editor: Sensitivity and Specificity to Event Boundaries in Continuous Experience

2018

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“…The current publication enables researchers to model hemodynamic brain responses that correlate with a variety of aspects of spoken language ranging from a speaker’s identity, to phonetics, grammar, syntax, and semantics. This publication extends already available annotations of portrayed emotions 18 , perceived emotions 19 , as well as cuts and locations depicted in the movie 20 . All annotations can be used in any study focusing on aspects of real-life cognition by serving as additional confound measures describing the temporal structure and feature space of the stimuli.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 66%

A studyforrest extension, an annotation of spoken language in the German dubbed movie “Forrest Gump” and its audio-description

Häusler

Hanke

2021

F1000Res

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Here we present an annotation of speech in the audio-visual movie “Forrest Gump” and its audio-description for a visually impaired audience, as an addition to a large public functional brain imaging dataset (studyforrest.org). The annotation provides information about the exact timing of each of the more than 2500 spoken sentences, 16,000 words (including 202 non-speech vocalizations), 66,000 phonemes, and their corresponding speaker. Additionally, for every word, we provide lemmatization, a simple part-of-speech-tagging (15 grammatical categories), a detailed part-of-speech tagging (43 grammatical categories), syntactic dependencies, and a semantic analysis based on word embedding which represents each word in a 300-dimensional semantic space. To validate the dataset’s quality, we build a model of hemodynamic brain activity based on information drawn from the annotation. Results suggest that the annotation’s content and quality enable independent researchers to create models of brain activity correlating with a variety of linguistic aspects under conditions of near-real-life complexity.

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“…The annotated stimulus was a slightly shortened (≈2 h) version of the movie Forrest Gump (R. Zemeckis, Paramount Pictures, 1994), with a dubbed German soundtrack, and is identical to the audio-visual movie annotated in 5, 6. Further details on this particular movie cut, and how to reproduce it from commercially available sources, are available in 4.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These are likely insufficient numbers for an investigation based on these data alone. However, these new annotations nevertheless contribute to a more comprehensive description of this complex movie stimulus 5, 6 and may be useful as confound variables in subsequent studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lies, irony, and contradiction — an annotation of semantic conflict in the movie "Forrest Gump"

Hanke

Ibe

2016

F1000Res

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Here we extend the information on the structure of the core stimulus of the studyforrest project (http://studyforrest.org) with a description of semantic conflict in the “Forrest Gump” movie. Three observers annotated the movie independently regarding episodes with portrayal of lies, irony or sarcasm. We present frequency statistics, and inter-observer reliability measures that qualify and quantify semantic conflict in the stimulus. While the number of identified events is limited, this annotation nevertheless enriches the knowledge about the complex high-level structure of this stimulus, and can help to evaluate its utility for future studies, and the usability of the existing brain imaging data regarding this aspect of cognition.

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An annotation of cuts, depicted locations, and temporal progression in the motion picture "Forrest Gump"

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

The Hippocampal Film Editor: Sensitivity and Specificity to Event Boundaries in Continuous Experience

The Hippocampal Film Editor: Sensitivity and Specificity to Event Boundaries in Continuous Experience

A studyforrest extension, an annotation of spoken language in the German dubbed movie “Forrest Gump” and its audio-description

Lies, irony, and contradiction — an annotation of semantic conflict in the movie "Forrest Gump"

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