An apparatus for recording the water-pumping behaviour of lamellibranchs

Drinnan, R. E.

doi:10.1016/0077-7579(64)90010-9

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The coefficient of variation of E ranged from 1.35 to 46.34 % with a mean of 15.19 %, while that of R, ranged from 7.14 to 75.92 % with a mean of 27.82 % There was no significant correlation (P > 0.05) between existed between E and R, during 9 of the 45 periods ( Drinnan (1964) recorded a n average pumping rate for Ostrea edulis of unspecified weight of 3.391 h-' at a temperature of 18.5 "C, while in the absence of shell movements a steady rate of almost 41 h-' was achieved. The mean weight-specific pumping rate recorded in the present investigation for 12 oysters for periods in excess of 5 h at a temperature of 20 "C and a n algal concentration of 100 cells p1-' Mohlenberg and Riisgard (1978) measured E as 62 to 80 % for 0. edulis filtering low concentrations (< l 0 particles p1-') of 3.5 to 4.0 pm diameter particles (assuming a maximum E of 86-98 % w i t h~n the particle sizes examined).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Retention efficiency and pumping rate of Ostrea edulis in suspensions of Isochrysis galbana

Wilson¹

1983

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Retention efficiency, E, of Isochrysis galbana and pumping rate, R,, were measured in Ostrea edul~s using a direct method in short-term (4 to 5 h) and long-term (54 to 56 h) experiments. E and R, varied in all experiments. In the short-term experiments E and R, were positively correlated in 44.4 % of the experiments and negatively correlated in 5.6 %. Long-term experiments showed that the relationship between E and R, changed during the course of each experiment. E and R, were related to the concentration of flagellate cells between concentrations of 1.74 and 487.5 cells E declined exponentlally with concentration, while R, reached a maximum rate at 23.81 cells before declining at higher concentrations

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Retention efficiency and pumping rate of Ostrea edulis in suspensions of Isochrysis galbana

Wilson¹

1983

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…The correct operation of this technique requires that the flow should be maintained at a constant rate (Drinnan, 1964). Miyauti & Irie (1965) measured the production of faeces of the pearl oyster at various current speeds, and in a later study (Miyauti & Irie, 1966) they also observed the degree of shell opening.…”

Section: Filtration By Brooding Oystersmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Influence of Current Speed, Body Size and Water Temperature On the Filtration Rate of Five Species of Bivalves

Walne

1972

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

251

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The filtration rate of a range of sizes of five species of bivalves has been measured by estimating the abundance of natural particles in sea water before and after it had flowed past the animals. Preliminary experiments showed that the filtration rate was positively correlated with the flow rate and for comparative purposes the flow had to be held to a constant amount. The flow rate also affected the heart rate of Ostrea edulis L., and comparative trials with small Ostrea and Crassostrea showed increased growth at a flow of 180 ml./min compared with 70 ml./min. The specific filtration rates at 19-21 °C of Ostrea and Crassostrea gigas Thunb. were two to three times greater than those of the other three species studied. Crassostrea and Mytilus were the least affected by temperature, Ostrea was intermediate, while Venerupis decussata (L.) and Mercenaria mercenaria (L.) showed a very marked reduction in filtration rate as the temperature was lowered. I N T R O D U C T I O NThe rate of water filtration by bivalves has long excited interest, but it has in practice proved difficult to measure in conditions where the animal is relatively free from constraint. Its estimation is important from a number of aspects: feeding studies; as an indicator of the animal's reaction to its environment; and for predicting the flow of water required for the culture of economically important species. The work reported in this paper started as part of the general programme on shellfish culture in progress at this laboratory. During the development of a suitable method for studying the water requirements it became clear that one factor, water current, had a more important influence than has been generally recognized.In the past, this work has usually been done by one of two methods: either by observing the rate of removal of particles from sea water or by separating the exhalant current from the general water flow and measuring its rate of production. On this basis a distinction is often made between pumping rate -the movement of water through the mantle cavityand filtration rate. Strictly, the first method measures filtration rate and, unless evidence can be produced that all the particles are being retained, this can be less than the pumping rate. On the other hand, it can be questioned whether a wide difference between pumping and nitration rates is part of the normal behaviour pattern if reasonably large particles are used. Pumping water consumes a good deal of energy (Collier, 1959, shows that an oyster pumping 10 l./h is consuming 5 mg oxygen/h). Estimations of the percentage of oxygen removed during the passage of water are usually in the range of 3-10% (Ghiretti, 1966), which suggests that the very large volumes of water moved are primarily for feeding rather than respiration.

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“…For a particular specimen of 132 mg dry weight (length not given) they give a pumping rate of 35 5 ml min" 1 and the latter correlation curve gives 28-6 ml min" 1 for the same weight; however, the former correlation curve from their sampling method gives 108 ml min"" 1 for the same weight. All the above methods are essentially indirect, but Drinnan (1964) and Davids (1964) have used a direct method in which the actual water flow rate from the exhalant siphon is measured, using a constant-head arrangement which introduces no pressure gradients. Davids found pumping rates from 6 to 175 ml min" 1 and (exceptionally) 23 ml min" 1 , using mussels of mean length 2 9 cm.…”

Section: Flow Speedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrodynamic aspects of particle capture byMytilus

Silvester

Sleigh

1984

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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Available data on the size distribution of particles captured by Mytilus indicates that a somewhat leaky, but non-sticky, filter with a minimum mesh size of a little over 1.0 μm is present. The side branches of the latero-frontal cirri have such a mesh and are positioned so as to filter water passing between the gill filaments. Information on the pressure distribution within the water circulation, and calculations of the pressure required to pass watet ihrough the latero-frontal filter at observed speeds, suggest that a little more than half the pressure generated by the lateral ciliary pump is required to overcome resistance in the latero-frontal filter and the remainder is required to circulate water in through the inhalant opening and out in an exhalant jet. The lateral cilia appear theoretically capable of generating sufficient power to produce the required pressures. Calculations indicate that although hydro-mechanical shear forces are unlikely to provide a significant contribution to particle capture, they may provide a means of keeping particles within the frontal current without a need for mucus, after filtration and transfer of particles to the frontal surface by the latero-frontal cirri.

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An apparatus for recording the water-pumping behaviour of lamellibranchs

Cited by 19 publications

References 2 publications

Retention efficiency and pumping rate of Ostrea edulis in suspensions of Isochrysis galbana

Retention efficiency and pumping rate of Ostrea edulis in suspensions of Isochrysis galbana

The Influence of Current Speed, Body Size and Water Temperature On the Filtration Rate of Five Species of Bivalves

Hydrodynamic aspects of particle capture byMytilus

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