An application of a glassy carbon electrode and a glassy carbon electrode modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes in electroanalytical determination of oxycarboxin

Abstract

An electrochemical procedure for the quantitative determination of oxycarboxin at a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and a glassy carbon electrode modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (GCE/MWCNTs) based on square wave adsorptive stripping voltammetry (SWAdSV) is presented for the first time. The effect of an amplitude (E SW ), a frequency ( f ), a step potential (ΔE s ), an accumulation potential (E acc ) and time (t acc ), and equilibration time (t eq ) was investigated. The best analytical signal was obtained in the medium of sulfuric acid on both electrodes. Under optimal analytical conditions, the linear ranges of Oxy concentrations 8.0 × 10 −6 -5.0 × 10 −5 mol L −1 with limit of detection of 2.0 × 10 −6 mol L −1 for bare GCE and 6.0 × 10 −6 -9.0 × 10 −5 mol L −1 with limit of detection of 1.1 × 10 −6 mol L −1 for GCE/MWCNTs were obtained. To investigate the utility of the proposed method for the determination of oxycarboxin in real samples, a quantitative determination of Oxy was performed in spiked river water samples. The electrode processes of oxycarboxin oxidation were studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) at both electrodes. The surface characterization of bare GCE and GCE/MWCNTs was evaluated with an atomic force microscopy (AFM) and a scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Attomolar analyte sensing techniques (AttoSens): a review on a decade of progress on chemical and biosensing nanoplatforms

“…In addition, electrochemical sensors have also been developed using carbon-based electrodes such as GCE and screen-printed electrode (SPE) using carbon/graphite/metallic paste or interdigitated electrode (IDE). 213 g-CN, AuNPs, cMWCNTs, RGO-yttria, or Au film for better sensitivity. 123,[214][215][216] A combination of graphene and metallic nanoparticles, which acts as the electron mediator to improve the GCE electrodes' conductivity, has also been reported.…”

Considerations for dual barrel electrode fabrication and experimentation

“…Depending on the experimental design, the setup can vary widely. For example, there are numerous different types of working electrodes [1][2][3][4] and reference electrodes. [5][6][7] In other situations, the size of the electrodes will vary such as when smaller environments necessitate the need for micrometer 8,9 to nanometer [10][11][12] sized working electrodes.…”

Fabrication and Characterization of an Electrochemical Platform for Formaldehyde Oxidation, Based on Glassy Carbon Modified with Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Electrochemically Generated Palladium Nanoparticles

“…They not only increase the surface area but also provide a substructure/substrate for subsequent materials used in the modification of electrochemical platforms. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), specifically single-or multi-walled structures (SWCNTs or MWCNTs), are commonly used as carbon nanomaterials for surface modification [47][48][49][50] due to their unique features such as large specific surface area, high electrical and thermal conductivity, and substantial high mechanical strength [51]. Despite the superior properties of CNTs, they do not exhibit electrocatalytic activity toward formaldehyde oxidation; therefore, further modifications are required [52].…”