An Application of Fear Appeal Messages to Enhance the Benefits of a Jail Encounter Program for Youthful Offenders

Windell, James; Allen, John

doi:10.1177/1541204005278677

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Topics addressed through application of the EPPM include hearing loss; [45] vaccine risk; [46] farm hazards; [47] general health promotion; [28] risk behaviors; [48] breast self-exams; [29] alcohol warnings; [30] firearms; [31] drinking water; [32] terror management; [49] eating disorders; [50] rape; [51] cardiovascular disease; [33] genetic testing and tobacco use; [34] burn prevention; [35] road safety; [36] and jail encounter programs. [52] The results of this research add hearing loss prevention in college students to this list of populations who have benefitted from application of the EPPM to health hazards that they face.…”

Section: Practical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Using the Extended Parallel Process Model to create and evaluate the effectiveness of brochures to reduce the risk for noise-induced hearing loss in college students

et al. 2011

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Brochures containing messages developed according to the Extended Parallel Process Model were deployed to increase intentions to use hearing protection for college students. These brochures were presented to one-half of a college student sample, after which a questionnaire was administered to assess perceptions of threat, efficacy, and behavioral intentions. The other half of the sample completed the questionnaire and then received brochures. Results indicated that people receiving the brochure before the questionnaire reported greater perceptions of hearing loss threat and efficacy to use ear plugs when in loud environments, however, intentions to use ear plugs were unchanged. Distribution of the brochure also resulted in greater perceptions of hearing loss threat and efficacy to use over-the-ear headphones when using devices such as MP3 players. In this case, however, intentions to use over-the-ear headphones increased. Results are discussed in terms of future research and practical applications.

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Section: Practical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Using the Extended Parallel Process Model to create and evaluate the effectiveness of brochures to reduce the risk for noise-induced hearing loss in college students

et al. 2011

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“…Two articles discussed a related “experiment” (Blunkett 2008; Wilson and Groombridge 2010), but upon further examination these studies did not use experimental methods or eligible outcomes. Another positive descriptive report was identified of a juvenile awareness program involving ‘fear appeal messages’ (Windell and Allen 2005), but no evaluative data were provided. Thus, no new evaluations were identified for inclusion.…”

Section: Methods Of the Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An evaluation of a "Scared Straight" program for truants (as discussed in the previous section) was discovered, but this study was excluded as it did not involve randomization (Bazemore et al 2004). Another positive descriptive report was identified of a juvenile awareness program involving 'fear appeal messages' (Windell and Allen 2005), but no evaluative data were provided. A more recent systematic review (Klenowski et al 2010) was found that included narrative descriptions of 10 studies, but it identified no new studies eligible for inclusion here.…”

Section: Selection Of Trials Update (2012)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Scared Straight and Other Juvenile Awareness Programs for Preventing Juvenile Delinquency: A Systematic Review

Petrosino¹,

Turpin‐Petrosino²,

Hollis-Peel³

et al. 2013

Campbell Systematic Reviews

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This Campbell systematic review assesses the effect of scared straight and similar programs on criminal behaviours by juvenile delinquents or children at risk of committing crime. The review summarises findings from nine studies conducted in the United States. Participants include juveniles and young adults between the ages 14‐20. A total of 946 juveniles or young adults participated in all 9 experimental studies. Scared straight interventions cause more harm than doing nothing. The nine studies provided no evidence for the effectiveness of scared straight or similar programs on subsequent delinquency. Furthermore, analysis of seven studies reporting reoffending rates showed that the intervention significantly increased the odds of offending on the part of both the juveniles and pre‐delinquents. Abstract CONSUMER SYNOPSISPrograms like ‘Scared Straight’ involve organized visits to prison facilities by juvenile delinquents or children at risk for becoming delinquent. The programs are designed to deter participants from future offending by providing first‐hand observations of prison life and interaction with adult inmates. Results of this review indicate that not only does it fail to deter crime but it actually leads to more offending behavior. Government officials permitting this program need to adopt rigorous evaluation to ensure that they are not causing more harm to the very citizens they pledge to protect. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND ABSTRACT BACKGROUND‘Scared Straight’ and other programs involve organized visits to prison by juvenile delinquents or children at risk for criminal behavior. Programs are designed to deter participants from future offending through first hand observation of prison life and interaction with adult inmates. OBJECTIVESTo assess the effects of programs comprising organized visits to prisons by juvenile delinquents (officially adjudicated or convicted by a juvenile court) or pre‐delinquents (children in trouble but not officially adjudicated as delinquents), aimed at deterring them from criminal activity. SEARCH STRATEGYSearches by the first author in identifying randomized field trials 1945‐1993 relevant to criminology were augmented by structured searches of 29 electronic databases, including the Campbell SPECTR database of trials (through 2003) and the Cochrane CCTR (through 2011). Experts in the field were consulted and relevant citations were followed up. SELECTION CRITERIAStudies that tested the effects of any program involving the organized visits of juvenile delinquents or children at‐risk for delinquency to penal institutions were included. Studies that included overlapping samples of juvenile and young adults (e.g. ages 14‐20) were also included. We only considered studies that randomly or quasi‐randomly (i.e. alternation) assigned participants to conditions. Each study had to have a no‐treatment control condition with at least one outcome measure of “post‐visit” criminal behavior. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSISWe report narratively on the nine eligible trials. We conducted one meta‐an...

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'Scared Straight' and other juvenile awareness programs for preventing juvenile delinquency

Petrosino

Turpin‐Petrosino

Hollis-Peel

et al. 2013

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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Background 'Scared Straight' and other similar programs involve organized visits to prison by juvenile delinquents or children at risk for criminal behavior. Programs are designed to deter participants from future offending through firsthand observation of prison life and interaction with adult inmates. These programs remain in use despite research questioning their effectiveness. This is an update of a 2002 review. Objectives To assess the effects of programs comprising organized visits to prisons by juvenile delinquents (officially adjudicated, that is, convicted by a juvenile court) or pre-delinquents (children in trouble but not officially adjudicated as delinquents), aimed at deterring them from delinquency. Search methods To update this review, we searched 22 electronic databases, including CENTRAL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Criminal Justice Abstracts, in December 2011. In addition, we searched clinical trials registries, consulted experts, conducted Google Scholar searches, and followed up on all relevant citations. Selection criteria We included studies that tested programs involving the organized visits of delinquents or children at risk for delinquency to penal institutions such as prisons or reformatives. Studies that had overlapping samples of juvenile and young adults (for example, ages 14 to 20 years) were included. We only considered studies that assigned participants to conditions randomly or quasi-randomly (that is, by odd/even assignment to conditions). Each study had to have a no-treatment control condition and at least one outcome measure of 'post-visit' criminal behavior.

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An Application of Fear Appeal Messages to Enhance the Benefits of a Jail Encounter Program for Youthful Offenders

Cited by 7 publications

References 7 publications

Using the Extended Parallel Process Model to create and evaluate the effectiveness of brochures to reduce the risk for noise-induced hearing loss in college students

Using the Extended Parallel Process Model to create and evaluate the effectiveness of brochures to reduce the risk for noise-induced hearing loss in college students

Scared Straight and Other Juvenile Awareness Programs for Preventing Juvenile Delinquency: A Systematic Review

'Scared Straight' and other juvenile awareness programs for preventing juvenile delinquency

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