An Application of Phytoremediation to River Pollution Remediation

Phytoremediation has been widely used and is considered an environmentally friendly and efficient method for mitigating nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) loads. However, the technique is rarely employed in the Ningxia irrigation area, which suffers from serious N and P pollution. To investigate ways of protecting the aquatic environment in this region, we conducted in - situ experiments along an agricultural ditch in 2014 and 2015. During the pre-experiment in 2014, five single species floating-bed systems ( Zizania latifolia , Oryza sativa , Ipomoea aquatica , Lactuca sativa and Typha latifolia ) and one multi-species floating-bed system with three replicates were evaluated over about two months. I . aquatica performed best with respect to biomass accumulation and nutrient storage among all plant systems. Multi-species system was not superior to single species systems: 42% and 37% of the N and P storage in the multi-species system were achieved by I . aquatica . In the formal experiment during 2015, I . aquatica was tested again and performed excellently with respect to biomass production (1.06 kg/m 2 ), N (27.58 g/m 2 ) and P (2.34 g/m 2 ) uptake. Thus, this study demonstrated that I . aquatica could be used to reduce N and P loads under saline and alkaline conditions in the Ningxia irrigation area.

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“…Wang et al . 31 reported the potential of E . crassipes and Lolium perenne in cleaning N and P from Guxin River in Hangzhou.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biomass accumulation and nutrient storage of five plant species in an in-situ phytoremediation experiment in the Ningxia irrigation area

Chen

Wang

Hong

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…been documented in the literature 6,11,12 . For water pollution, various macrophytes have been investigated for the uptake, bioaccumulation and degradation of a wide range of chemical pollutants in natural and man-made wetlands 9,11,13,14 . Macrophytes such as duckweeds, water lettuce and water hyacinth found exclusively on the surface of water bodies have been reported to remediate nutrients load, heavy metals and hydrocarbons in wetlands 11 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Assessing and Modelling the Efficacy of Lemna paucicostata for the Phytoremediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Crude Oil-Contaminated Wetlands

Ekperusi

Nwachukwu

Sikoki

2020

Sci Rep

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The potentials of the invasive duckweed species, Lemna paucicostata to remove pollutants from aquatic environment was tested in a constructed wetlands as an ecological based system for the phytoremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons in crude oil-contaminated waters within 120 days. Total petroleum hydrocarbons in wetlands and tissues of duckweed were analyzed using gas chromatography with flame ionization detector following established methods while the experimental data were subjected to the first-order kinetic rate model to understand the remediation rate of duckweed in wetlands. L. paucicostata effected a significant (F = 253.405, P < 0.05) removal of hydrocarbons from wetlands reaching 97.91% after 120 days. Assessment on the transport and fate of hydrocarbons in duckweed indicated that L. paucicostata bioaccumulated less than 1% and significantly biodegraded 97.74% of hydrocarbons in wetlands at the end of the study. The experimental data reasonably fitted (r 2 = 0.938) into the first-order kinetic rate model. From the result of the study, it is reasonable to infer that L. paucicostata is an effective aquatic macrophyte for the removal of petroleum hydrocarbons in moderately polluted waters. The expansion of the chemical industry after the dawn of the industrial age has significantly increased the levels of contaminants entering the natural and human environment. Among the many chemical industries, the petrochemical industry is a major player in the global energy landscape despite significant investment and interest in alternative energy. Today, petroleum remains a significant energy demand in modern society. In spite of all the necessary safety and precautionary approach in the petroleum industry, oil spill is an inevitable occurrence in the production, transport, processing and consumption of crude oil 1,2. The continuous advancement in offshore exploration has increased the level of exposure of hydrocarbons into aquatic environment, particularly freshwater, creating a cascade of negative impact on organisms relying on freshwater resources 3,4. Oil spills in water leads to extensive damage of water resources including sensitive habitats. It suffocates aquatic life and renders water unfit for communal and domestic use 5. Over the years, various technological approach has been developed for the treatment of oil spill in marine and coastal waters, as well as rivers, streams, wetlands, swamps and lakes 6-9. Chemical methods involving the application of dispersants and in situ burning have unintended consequences despite the success recorded with such application 8,10. The unintended effects with the application of chemicals for oil spill cleanup have given opportunities to the development of biological and nature-based solutions over the past three decades for the remediation of contaminants in aquatic environment 7,11. The usefulness of plants in the biological remediation of contaminants has been expanding over the years. Several species of plants with the potentials to remove a wide range of contaminants fro...

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“…As stated by Parmar et al (2016), aquatic plants are used as bioindicators for water pollution. E. crassipes can accumulate (reduce) the toxicity of Ag, Pb, Cd, and Cu by using phytoremediation techniques (Kumar et al 2008;Wang et al 2011). According to Lu et al (2004), E. crassipes was used as environmental technology to prevent contamination of Cd and Zn in bodies of water.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profiling indigenous lead-reducing bacteria from Tempe Lake, South Sulawesi, Indonesia as bioremediation agents

Yani¹,

Amin²,

Rohman³

et al. 2020

Biodiversitas

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Abstract. Yani A, Amin M, Rohman F, Suarsini E, Putra WE. 2020. Profiling indigenous lead-reducing bacteria from Tempe Lake, South Sulawesi, Indonesia as bioremediation agents. Biodiversitas 21: 4778-4786. The pollution of heavy metals by anthropogenic activities in freshwater, especially in lakes, reduces the quality and endangers the existence of aquatic flora and fauna. This happens in Lake Tempe, which is located, in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The study aimed to evaluate the content of heavy metals, isolation, and identify a lead reduction of indigenous bacteria as candidates for bioremediation agents. It began by examining the level of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and lead (Pb) in seven sampling sites of Tempe Lake. Furthermore, propagation and isolation, morphological observation, laboratory-scale reduction tests, and species identification of potential bacteria reduction Pb were performed by using 16s rDNA. The reduction test to Pb was measured using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS), and the research data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA with the Duncan advanced method. The results showed that the Cd, Cu, and Pb content of the seven sampling points exceeded the water quality standard Following the Indonesian Government Regulation (IGR) and WHO standards. Pb has the highest concentration among the other heavy metals in the water sample reaching 0.40 mg/L. Four bacterial isolates could grow on Pb-enriched media (isolates A, B, C, and D). The Bacillus form was found in two different species bacteria (isolate A and D), while the cocci shape was found in two other species (isolate B and C). Those all Gram-negative bacteria were observed to be a reduction to Pb exposure within a bacterial medium. Interestingly, these indigenous bacteria could decrease Pb concentration ranging from 7.45 to 3.48 ppm for seven days. Furthermore, the sequencing data showed that the indigenous bacteria (isolate D) had a 99.90% similarity to the Comamonas testosteroni strain S-2 constructed using Neighbor-joining phylogenetic analysis. Therefore, the indigenous bacteria C. testosteroni strain S-2 from Tempe lake may be proposed as a bioremediation agent to reduce Pb the water contaminants.

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An Application of Phytoremediation to River Pollution Remediation

Cited by 23 publications

References 10 publications

The biomass accumulation and nutrient storage of five plant species in an in-situ phytoremediation experiment in the Ningxia irrigation area

The biomass accumulation and nutrient storage of five plant species in an in-situ phytoremediation experiment in the Ningxia irrigation area

Assessing and Modelling the Efficacy of Lemna paucicostata for the Phytoremediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Crude Oil-Contaminated Wetlands

Profiling indigenous lead-reducing bacteria from Tempe Lake, South Sulawesi, Indonesia as bioremediation agents

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