An approach for calibration and validation of the social force pedestrian model

Tang, Ming; Jia, Hongfei

doi:10.1109/tmee.2011.6199614

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…To find the values of A i and B i , trajectories of a pair of pedestrians who were not influenced by boundaries or obstacles were chosen. The SFM was transformed in such a way that these values can be extracted based on a least squares method ( 29 ).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the Gender Effects of Pedestrians and Calibration of the Modified Social Force Model

Siddharth

Vedagiri

2018

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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The design of pedestrian sidewalks depends on pedestrian flow, which is related to the speed of pedestrians on the sidewalk. The social force model (SFM) is a microscopic pedestrian simulation model that has been able to reproduce many self-organization phenomena of pedestrian flow such as lane formation. Studies have shown that the SFM has been modified to model particular pedestrian behaviors in different situations by introducing new forces or introducing new factors in existing forces. Also, the literature shows that pedestrian speed varies because of pedestrian characteristics such as age, gender, group behavior, and so forth. There are no studies that model the effect of these pedestrian characteristics using the SFM. Therefore, in this study, we have modeled the effect of gender of pedestrians by introducing a gender factor [Formula: see text]. A sidewalk in Mumbai, India has been chosen for this study. Pedestrian flow and speed were collected from the site. A base SFM containing the driving force, pedestrian–pedestrian interaction force, and pedestrian–boundary interaction force was coded in MATLAB. This model contains six parameters, which were calibrated using a genetic algorithm. Next, the SFM was modified to include different reaction times for the male and female pedestrians, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. Keeping other parameters as constant, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] were calibrated and found. Gender factors [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are found by dividing the reaction time [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] by [Formula: see text], respectively. These gender factors could be found for the different male/female composition of pedestrians, which would help in analyzing the level of service of sidewalks.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the Gender Effects of Pedestrians and Calibration of the Modified Social Force Model

Siddharth

Vedagiri

2018

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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“…The sets of parameters from Refs. [24,20] provide better reproduction of the empirical results, although they do not fully reproduce the empirical evacuation curve of the Black Friday event.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…In the research of Tang et al [20], the authors perform pedestrian tracking in a Beijing metro station. They use a regression approach based on the least square method to fit the parameters A and B.…”

Section: The Proposed Sets Of Parameters For the Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They use a regression approach based on the least square method to fit the parameters A and B. They obtain two sets of values depending on whether pedestrians are in an "approach" situation or a "leave" situation [20]. The first one denotes pedestrians getting close to each other while the latter means pedestrians detaching from each other.…”

Section: The Proposed Sets Of Parameters For the Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social Force Model parameter testing and optimization using a high stress real-life situation

Sticco,

Frank,

Dorso

2020

Preprint

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The escape panic version of the Social Force Model (SFM) is a suitable model for describing emergency evacuations. In this research, we analyze a real-life video, recorded at the opening of a store during a Black Friday event, which resembles an emergency evacuation (November 2017, South Africa). We measure the flow of pedestrians entering the store and found a higher value ( J = 6.7 ± 0.8 p/s) than the usually reported in "laboratory" conditions. We performed numerical simulations to recreate this event. The empirical measurements were compared against simulated evacuation curves corresponding to different sets of parameters currently in use in the literature. The results obtained suggest that the set of parameters corresponding to calibrations from laboratory experiments (involving pedestrians in which the safety of the participants is of major concern) or situations where the physical contact is negligible, produce simulations in which the agents evacuate faster than in the empirical scenario. To conclude the paper, we optimize two parameters of the model: the friction coefficient k t and the body force coefficient k n . The best fit we found could replicate the qualitative and quantitative behavior of the empirical evacuation curve. We also found that many different combinations in the parameter space can produce similar results in terms of the goodness of fit.

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“…Step 1: Calibration of Base SFM Several studies were reviewed (40,41,46,50,56,(61)(62)(63), and the range of parameters for the base SFM was established. The base SFM (Equation 1), comprising six parameters, was calibrated in this step.…”

Section: Multistep Calibration and Validation Framework For Sfmpcbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the Social Force Model Considering Pedestrian Characteristics and Behavior

Siddharth,

Perumal

2023

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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Use of pedestrian facilities like sidewalks is influenced by pedestrian characteristics like age, gender, and purpose, for example, walking in social groups, shopping. Helbing and Molnár’s base social force model (SFM) has proven reliable at simulating pedestrian behavior, However, only a small number of simulation models, including SFM and its variations, have concentrated on modeling pedestrian walking while taking into account their traits and behavior. This study’s goal was to simulate bidirectional pedestrian walking behavior by taking into account various pedestrian characteristics (age, gender, behavior) by introducing a novel pedestrian simulation model: the social force model considering pedestrian characteristics and behavior (SFMPCB). Pedestrian gender alone was considered as a modification in our earlier study. The current study also implements a multistep global calibration framework based on a genetic algorithm that takes into account the bidirectional flow of pedestrians from various sidewalks. For calibration and validation, videographic data of pedestrian traffic from four sidewalks in Mumbai, India, were employed. The SFMPCB could be utilized to simulate pedestrian walking on sidewalks reflecting different characteristics and behavior. The quality of service and sidewalk design could also be better studied by utilizing the SFMPCB by generating pedestrian equivalent factors for pedestrian characteristics, similar to passenger car units.

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An approach for calibration and validation of the social force pedestrian model

Cited by 7 publications

References 7 publications

Modeling the Gender Effects of Pedestrians and Calibration of the Modified Social Force Model

Modeling the Gender Effects of Pedestrians and Calibration of the Modified Social Force Model

Social Force Model parameter testing and optimization using a high stress real-life situation

Development of the Social Force Model Considering Pedestrian Characteristics and Behavior

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