“…Ciliated protozoa have several advantages in the assessment of environmental status including (1) with their short life cycle and delicate external membranes, they may react more quickly to environmental changes than many other eukaryotic organisms and (2) many forms can inhabit environments that are unfavorable to metazoans (Cairns et al, 1972;Franco et al, 1998;Corliss, 2002;Xu et al, 2002Xu et al, , 2009aGong et al, 2005;Jiang et al, 2007). Based on species information, several studies have shown that ciliated protozoa may be reliable indicators of environmental status, and of water quality in particular (Cairns et al 1972;Xu et al, 2002Xu et al, , 2008Ismael & Dorgham, 2003;Jiang et al, 2007;Tan et al, 2010).…”