An Approach to Aplastic Anemia

Bajracharya, S B; Pandé, Rupaly; P, Bhandari; Sinha, Roona; Guragain, Parth

doi:10.3126/mjsbh.v7i0.21092

Cited by 4 publications

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“…The most common aetiology of pancytopenia in the present study was aplastic anaemia which is similar with that reported by Kumar et al, Jha et al, Tariq et al, Santra and das, Qamar and Aijaz, Bajracharya et al In their study of 166, 148, 50, 111, 150 and 10 cases respectively. 4,[7][8][9][10][11] The second most common cause was megaloblastic anaemia which is similar with the studies listed above.…”

Section: Causes Of Pancytopeniasupporting

confidence: 58%

A prospective clinico‑hematological study in 100 cases of Pancytopenia in a tertiary care teaching hospital

Regis

Padmavathi

2019

Int J Res Med Sci

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Background: Pancytopenia is encountered regularly in haematology practice, yet there exist only few published assessments of the frequencies of various aetiologies and this exhibit substantial geographic variation. Pancytopenia is a manifestation of many life- threatening diseases with a wide range of differential diagnosis. Haematological investigation forms the bedrock in the detection and management of patients with pancytopenia.Methods: This study is a prospective study conducted in the Institute of pathology and haematology, Madras medical college and Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai during the period from August 2015 to August 2016 on 100 cases. Case selection is based on clinical features and supported by laboratory evidence. Peripheral smear was obtained and stained by Leishman stain for all cases and examined in detail. Bone marrow aspiration /biopsy was subsequently carried out under aseptic precautions.Results: Among the 100 cases studied, age of the patients ranged from 13 to 80 years with a slight male predominance. Most of the patients presented with generalized weakness and fever. The commonest cause for pancytopenia was aplastic anaemia followed by megaloblastic anaemia. The other causes include acute myeloid leukaemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, myelofibrosis, multiple myeloma, malarial parasite, miliary tuberculosis and osteopetrosis.Conclusions: Pancytopenia can be diagnosed, and its etiological profile can be ascertained with the help of detailed clinical history, meticulous physical examination and haematological investigations. Every attempt should be done to establish the underlying cause so that treatable conditions are diagnosed without delay and prognosis is improved.

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Section: Causes Of Pancytopeniasupporting

confidence: 58%

A prospective clinico‑hematological study in 100 cases of Pancytopenia in a tertiary care teaching hospital

Regis

Padmavathi

2019

Int J Res Med Sci

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“…8 However, there is limited data regarding this from Nepal. 5 The fi rst two common causes of pancytopenia in different studies are compared in Table 6. 3-6, 8-11 In a study by Savage et al and Khunger et al the most common causes of pancytopenia were megaloblastic anemia, followed by hypoplastic anemia and acute leukemia was the third most common in the former study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 Few similar studies have been published in the country. 5 This study was carried out with an aim to obtain further information so that it would help in the management of patient with pancytopenia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone Marrow Examination in Cases of Pancytopenia

Jha¹,

Sayami²,

Adhikari³

et al. 2008

J Nepal Med Assoc

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This study was carried to identify the causes of pancytopenia and to fi nd out the bone marrowmorphology in cases of pancytopenia.It was a cross sectional study conducted over a period of two years in the Department of Pathology,Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital. Bone marrow aspiration smears of patients fulfi lling thecriteria of pancytopenia were examined. The data obtained were analyzed using measures of centraltendency.One hundred and forty eight cases underwent bone marrow aspiration and it constituted 15.74% oftotal cases. Mean age was 30 years (range, 1-79 years). 42 cases were children (28.37%). Male: femaleratio was 1.5:1. The commonest cause was hypoplastic bone marrow seen in 43 cases (29%) followedby megaloblastic anemia in 35 cases (23.64%), and hematological malignancy in 32 cases (21.62%).Erythroid hyperplasia was seen in 29 cases (19.6%) and normal bone marrow was seen in 5 cases(3.38%). There was one case each of Niemann-Pick disease and metastatic neuroblastoma in childrenand chronic pure red cell aplasia and leishmaniasis in adults. Acute leukemia was the commonesthematological malignancy. In children, commonest fi nding was hypoplastic bone marrow (38.1%)while in adults megaloblastic anemia (30.18%) was commonest fi nding followed by hypoplasticanemia (25.47%).In present study bone marrow examination was able to establish diagnosis in 77% of cases. Hypoplasticmarrow was the commonest diagnosis, followed by megaloblastic anemia, and hematologicalmalignancies.Key Words: Bone marrow aspiration, hypoplastic anemia, leukemia, megaloblastic anemia,pancytopenia

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“…The various etiologies of pancytopenia by bone marrow aspiration in the present study were varied, the commonest being Megaloblastic Anemia 67.4% (29 cases), followed by mixed Hypoplastic anemia 23.4% (10 cases), infections (malaria)2.3% (1case), aleukemic leukemia 2.3% (1case), Myelofibrosis 2.3% (1 case), Myelodysplastic syndrome 2.3%(1 case) The results are shown in The first and the second commonest cause of pancytopenia in the present study conducted is Megaloblastic Anemia and Hypoplastic Anemia which is in consonance with other studies conducted by other authors Khodke et al, Tilak et al 13,14 . The studies conducted by Kumar etal, Verma et al, Jha et al, Bhadracharya et al revealed Hypoplastic Anemia to be more common than Megaloblastic Anemia as a cause of pancytopenia 15,16,17 . A comparison of our results with those of other authors is shown in Table No.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of bone marrow aspiration cytology in the evaluation of the etiology of pancytopenia in patients in a tertiary hospital in Telangana, India

Duraiswami¹

2019

jmscr

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Background: Pancytopenia is characterized by Anemia, Leukopenia & Thrombocytopenia. It is very often seen in day to day practice and requires thorough investigation to know the cause of Pancytopenia for timely and early management to improve the prognosis. Material and Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Pathology Malla Reddy Institute of Medical Sciences over a period of 2 years and six months from January 2017 to June 2019.Patients were in the age group of 18 months to 65 years. The ratio of male to female patients was 1:1.4. 109 patients were evaluated by Bone Marrow Aspiration cytology, complete blood picture by automated counter, which was confirmed by manual blood count along with peripheral blood examination, to establish the etiology. 43 patients who fulfilled the criteria for a diagnosis of pancytopenia were included in the study. The as patients underwent several diagnostic tests hemogram, biochemical test like serum B12,serum folic acid, serum ferritin, total iron binding capacity. Bone Marrow Aspiration cytology and Bone marrow biopsy were done. Routine Giemsa stain as well as cytochemical stains like Pearls stain, Reticulin stain and Periodic Acid Schiff test, were carried out on the bone marrow material. Results: In the present study, the commonest cause of pancytopenia was found to be Megaloblatic Anemia (67.4%) followed by Hypoplastic Anemia (24.4%); the least common causes being infections (Malaria 2.3%), Aleukemic Leukemia (2.3%), Myelofibrosis (2.3%) and Myelodysplastic Syndrome (2.3%). Conclusion:The majority of patients with pancytopenia are diagnosed by Bone Marrow Aspiration as an adjunct to clinical history, clinical examination, peripheral blood examination, hemogram and biochemical examination. Bone Marrow Aspiration cytology is an important diagnostic tool to establish unequivocally the cause of pancytopenia.

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An Approach to Aplastic Anemia

Abstract: An Approach to Aplastic Anemia

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

A prospective clinico‑hematological study in 100 cases of Pancytopenia in a tertiary care teaching hospital

A prospective clinico‑hematological study in 100 cases of Pancytopenia in a tertiary care teaching hospital

Bone Marrow Examination in Cases of Pancytopenia

The role of bone marrow aspiration cytology in the evaluation of the etiology of pancytopenia in patients in a tertiary hospital in Telangana, India

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