“…For this purpose, computer-aided process planning (CAPP) software packages have been developed to automate the planning and scheduling of industrial activities by using data structures such as lists [15], queues [16], tensors [17], graphs [18], or trees [19] to represent the activities and applying deterministic [20] or stochastic approaches [21] to allocate tasks, while minimizing the constraints with heuristics [22], optimization processes [23], tabu search [24], dispatching rules [25], auction mechanism [26], machine learning [27], or multiagent systems (MAS) [28].…”