An Approach to Text Steganography Based on Search in Internet

Shang-wei, Shi; Qi, Yining; Huang, Yudong

doi:10.1109/ics.2016.0052

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Steganography roots are linked with ancient Greece; however, currently, it is looked in for security reasons. Steganography is a division of data hiding techniques in a cover file like text [4, 5], image [6, 7], audio [8, 9] and/or video [10, 11]. Steganographic methods embed a secret message into a cover file before transmission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data hiding technique in steganography for information security using number theory

Rehman

Saba

Mahmood

et al. 2018

Journal of Information Science

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In the current era, due to the widespread availability of the Internet, it is extremely easy for people to communicate and share multimedia contents with each other. However, at the same time, secure transfer of personal and copyrighted material has become a critical issue. Consequently, secure means of data transfer are the most urgent need of the time. Steganography is the science and art of protecting the secret data from an unauthorised access. The steganographic approaches conceal secret data into a cover file of type audio, video, text and/or image. The actual challenge in steganography is to achieve high robustness and capacity without bargaining on the imperceptibility of the cover file. In this article, an efficient steganography method is proposed for the transfer of secret data in digital images using number theory. For this purpose, the proposed method represents the cover image using the Fibonacci sequence. The representation of an image in the Fibonacci sequence allows increasing the bit planes from 8-bit to 12-bit planes. The experimental results of the proposed method in comparison with other existing steganographic methods exhibit that our method not only achieves high embedding of secret data but also gives high quality of stego images in terms of peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR). Furthermore, the robustness of the technique is also evaluated in the presence of salt and pepper noise attack on the cover images.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data hiding technique in steganography for information security using number theory

Rehman

Saba

Mahmood

et al. 2018

Journal of Information Science

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show abstract

“…The embedding capacities of the existing methods by search are generally low. For example, the methods introduced in [21], [26] can only hide one or a few Chinese characters in a text because a high concealment is required. But the proposed methods only employ the PCCSN feature, and the texts containing the meaning of a secret are excluded, so these methods do have no impact on the concealment when the embedding capacity are improved, e.g.…”

Section: B Analysis Of the Embedding Capacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Text steganography by search is a relatively new approach, which finds one or more appropriate texts as the carriers in the big data environment [21], [26]. It differs from text steganography by cover modification because no alternation will be performed on a text.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, text steganography by search is a research hotspot in the field of steganography. Chen et al [21] discovered the cover texts for steganography by using the mathematical expression of Chinese characters; Shi et al [26] described a steganography method by searching webpages on the Internet. Both the aforementioned methods, i.e., [21] and [26], have certain issues, such that no appropriated text might be found in case of [21], and some additional location information will be produced in case of [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Coverless Plain Text Steganography Based on Character Features

Wang

Gao

2019

IEEE Access

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The coverless text steganography has become a research hotspot in the field of information hiding because no modification to a text carrier will improve the concealment of steganography. However, compared with images, audios, videos, or other carriers, a plain text has less redundancy for modification, so the text steganographic embedding rate is usually lower, and semantic anomalies are more easily produced once it is modified or generated. This paper analyzes the parity of Chinese characters' stroke number and its statistical characteristic, and reach the conclusion that this parity feature exhibits a uniform distribution and it exists in every character. These indicate that the parity can be employed to express a binary digit and its combination can represent a binary digit string. In the light of the above analyses, we propose a new coverless plain text steganography based on the parity of Chinese characters' stroke number and extend it to further improve the embedding rate. By exploiting the space mapping concept, this method initializes a binary search tree based on the texts from the Internet and searches the corresponding texts according to the secret binary digit string generated from a secret. Thus, a secret will be mapped into a list of the corresponding uniform resource locators. That is, our proposed methods only employ the existing uniform resource locators to convey a secret. Compared with the existing text steganography techniques, our methods not only have high-embedding rate and good concealment but also can improve the embedding capacity without impact on the concealment, which eliminates the contradiction between the embedding capacity/rate and security, because no modification or additional information is generated. In addition, these methods have a prominent search success rate, and they can be extended to other language features as well as to other languages.INDEX TERMS Character features, coverless text steganography, information hiding, the strokes of Chinese characters.

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“…These methods improved HC to some extends, but the SR will be gradually decrease as the length of the SI increases. Reference [20] introduced an algorithm based on web text big data, which simplifies the processing of text big data, but the location information is easy to be discovered due to the direct encoding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coverless Information Hiding Method Based on Web Text

et al. 2019

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Coverless information hiding has become a hot topic because it can hide secret information (SI) into carriers without any modification. Aiming at the problems of the low hiding capacity (HC) and mismatch in text big data, a novel method of coverless information hiding by retrieving the massive amount of web text on the Internet. First, the proposed method uses a web spider technology to capture web texts associated with SI to construct a web-text library. Second, some texts containing SI are searched and the optimal web text is selected from them. Then, the location of the SI in the selected web text is described by using a 2-D coordinate system. Finally, the URL of the web text is combined with the obtained location information and then sent to the recipient. The experimental results and analysis show that the performances are improved in terms of HC, hiding success rate, and security.

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An Approach to Text Steganography Based on Search in Internet

Cited by 18 publications

References 12 publications

Data hiding technique in steganography for information security using number theory

Data hiding technique in steganography for information security using number theory

A Coverless Plain Text Steganography Based on Character Features

Coverless Information Hiding Method Based on Web Text

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