An approach to the measurement of the nonlinear refractive index of very short lengths of optical fibers

Rivera–Pérez, E.; Carrascosa, Antonio; Dı́ez, A.; Alcusa-Saez, E. P.; Andrés, Miguel V.

doi:10.1063/1.5035146

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The technique that we present here is a development inspired by a previous method for the measurement of the nonlinear refractive index using very short lengths of optical fibers [ 27 ]. That method demonstrated the possibility of measuring the small nonlinear refractive index changes due to the Kerr effect using a pump and probe technique assisted by an acoustic grating—generated by a flexural wave—and tuned to the probe signal.…”

Section: A Point Pump and Probe Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Forward Brillouin Scattering: Sensor Applications

Sánchez

Dı́ez

Cruz

et al. 2022

Sensors

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In-fiber opto-mechanics based on forward Brillouin scattering has received increasing attention because it enables sensing the surrounding of the optical fiber. Optical fiber transverse acoustic resonances are sensitive to both the inner properties of the optical fiber and the external medium. A particularly efficient pump and probe technique—assisted by a fiber grating—can be exploited for the development of point sensors of only a few centimeters in length. When measuring the acoustic resonances, this technique provides the narrowest reported linewidths and a signal-to-noise ratio better than 40 dB. The longitudinal and transverse acoustic velocities—normalized with the fiber radius—can be determined with a relative error lower than 10−4, exploiting the derivation of accurate asymptotic expressions for the resonant frequencies. Using this technique, the Poisson’s ratio of an optical fiber and its temperature dependence have been measured, reducing the relative error by a factor of 100 with respect to previously reported values. Using a single-point sensor, discriminative measurements of strain and temperature can be performed, achieving detection limits of ±25 με and ±0.2 °C. These results show the potential of this approach for the development of point sensors, which can be easily wavelength-multiplexed.

show abstract

Section: A Point Pump and Probe Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Forward Brillouin Scattering: Sensor Applications

Sánchez

Dı́ez

Cruz

et al. 2022

Sensors

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In recent years, in-fiber AO devices based on TFAWs have been proposed for the development of advanced all-fiber devices, such as AO mode converters [25][26][27], tunable bandpass filters [28][29][30][31] and active modulators within fiber laser systems [32][33][34][35], as well as for the development of accurate fiber characterization techniques [36,37]. In those approaches, a flexural acoustic wave is excited through a metal or silica horn, which is attached to a piezoelectric ceramic element to concentrate the acoustic vibrations into the optical fiber.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of flexural acoustic waves in optical fibers using a fiber-tip interferometer

Miguel,

Erika,

Yareli

et al. 2024

Meas. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An experimental study using a fiber tip interferometer (FTI) to characterize traveling flexural acoustic waves (TFAWs) along an optical fiber is reported. The measurements carried out with the FTI are performed following two different procedures: one of them relies on adjusting the interferometer at the quadrature condition and the other extracts the information from the amplitudes of the fundamental and second harmonic of the interference signal. From our measurements, the detection limit of the FTI is 0.5 nm and the upper limit of the linear regime is 30 nm. These results validate the use of the FTI to detect nanometric displacements associated to the amplitude of acoustic waves along an optical fiber. Parameters such as the acoustic wavelength, attenuation coefficient, and phase velocity are measured for a range of acoustic frequencies around the 2-MHz region. Furthermore, and supported by the in-fiber acousto-optic (AO) effect produced by TFAWs, parameters associated to an acoustic wave packet such as the group velocity and the group attenuation coefficient are also determined. This set of experimental results provide useful information of the mechanisms underlying the propagation of TFAWs along an optical fiber and its corresponding AO effect.

show abstract

“…[4]. The key difference of this novel method with respect to previous techniques [5][6][7][8] is to rely on an exact conservation law of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) instead of solving it approximately, which releases the measurement of γ from any assumption beyond the NLSE itself. Furthermore, if this approach could be applied to more complex systems such as waveguides where the dispersion slope or the loss is significant, then the lack of exact solutions to generalized versions of the NLSE would not limit experimental γ accuracies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinearity measurement undergoing dispersion and loss

et al. 2023

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Accurate knowledge of the nonlinear coefficient is extremely important to make reliable predictions about optical pulses propagating along waveguides. Nevertheless, determining this parameter when dispersion and loss are as important as nonlinear effects brings both theoretical and experimental challenges that have not yet been solved. A general method for measuring the nonlinear coefficient of waveguides under these demanding conditions is here derived and demonstrated experimentally in a kilometer-long standard silica fiber pumped close to 2 µm.

show abstract

An approach to the measurement of the nonlinear refractive index of very short lengths of optical fibers

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Recent Advances in Forward Brillouin Scattering: Sensor Applications

Recent Advances in Forward Brillouin Scattering: Sensor Applications

Characterization of flexural acoustic waves in optical fibers using a fiber-tip interferometer

Nonlinearity measurement undergoing dispersion and loss

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About