An approach toward rational design of constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment

Buchberger, Steven G.; Shaw, G. B.

doi:10.1016/0925-8574(94)00053-8

Cited by 35 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…For developing countries, CW is usually considered to be one of the most promising technologies to treat wastewater due to its low cost, simple operation and maintenance (O/M), little secondary pollution and favorable environmental appearance [2][3][4][5][6]. In general, CWs can be grouped into two categories as of free water surface and of subsurface-flow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A vertical subsurface-flow constructed wetland in Beijing

Chen

Zhou

et al. 2008

Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation

105

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A vertical subsurface-flow constructed wetland in Beijing

Chen

Zhou

et al. 2008

Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation

105

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“…The transport of conservative solutes in constructed wetlands has been classically modeled using plug‐flow reactors (PFR) and continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTR), with the system divided into a series of mixed and unmixed regions [ Levenspiel , 1972]. Several studies have addressed wetland mixing and exchange characteristics with a combination of PFR and CSTR representing main channel transport and storage zone interactions [ Kadlec , 1994; Stairs and Moore , 1994; Buchberger and Shaw , 1995; Werner and Kadlec , 2000]. Kadlec [2000] showed that decay rates are strongly influenced by inlet concentration and hydraulic loading rate (HLR), defined as applied water depth per time [ Kadlec and Knight , 1996].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservative and reactive solute transport in constructed wetlands

Keefe

Barber

Runkel

et al. 2004

Water Resources Research

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[1] The transport of bromide, a conservative tracer, and rhodamine WT (RWT), a photodegrading tracer, was evaluated in three wastewater-dependent wetlands near Phoenix, Arizona, using a solute transport model with transient storage. Coupled sodium bromide and RWT tracer tests were performed to establish conservative transport and reactive parameters in constructed wetlands with water losses ranging from (1) relatively impermeable (15%), (2) moderately leaky (45%), and (3) significantly leaky (76%). RWT first-order photolysis rates and sorption coefficients were determined from independent field and laboratory experiments. Individual wetland hydraulic profiles influenced the extent of transient storage interaction in stagnant water areas and consequently RWT removal. Solute mixing and transient storage interaction occurred in the impermeable wetland, resulting in 21% RWT mass loss from main channel and storage zone photolysis (10%) and sorption (11%) reactions. Advection and dispersion governed solute transport in the leaky wetland, limiting RWT photolysis removal (1.2%) and favoring main channel sorption (3.6%). The moderately leaky wetland contained islands parallel to flow, producing channel flow and minimizing RWT losses (1.6%).

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“…These facts have been exploited in constructed wetland systems which have been widely used during the past decades for the treatment of wastewater because of their good efficacy to improve water quality at low operational costs (Neralla et al 2000;Vymazal 1999;Rousseau et al 2004;Molle et al 2005;Zurita et al 2008;Perbangkhem and Polprasert 2010). The natural wetlands too have been shown to have potential as a sink and buffering site for organic and inorganic pollutants (Sekomo et al 2010;Mannino et al 2008;Buchberger and Shaw 1995;Muthuri and Jones 1997).…”

Section: Influence Of Macrophyte On Pollutant Bioconversion and Removmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of the Macrophyte Cyperus papyrus in Wastewater Treatment

Mburu

Rousseau

Bruggen

et al. 2014

The Role of Natural and Constructed Wetlands in Nutrient Cycling and Retention on the Landscape

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Cyperus papyrus, commonly referred to as papyrus, belongs to the Cyperaceae family and is one of the most prolific emergent macrophytes in African subtropical and tropical wetlands. Botanical studies have shown that stands of papyrus are capable of accumulating large amounts of nutrients and have a high standing biomass. Its C 4 photosynthetic pathway makes C. papyrus highly productive with dry weight biomass generation rates of up to 6.00 kg m À2 years À1 and nutrient uptake rates of up to 7.10 kg ha À1 days À1 and 0.24 kg ha À1 days À1 of, respectively, nitrogen and phosphorus. C. papyrus plants take about 6-9 months to mature with a highly reliable natural regrowth and replenishment on a site after harvesting. Studies featuring side-by-side investigations with unplanted controls show that C. papyrus has mostly a positive effect on the treatment of wastewater. The ability of C. papyrus to use nutrients from the wastewater and the incorporation of heavy metals and organics into its phytomass, added to its easy management by regular harvesting, makes it one of the most suitable plants to be used in wastewater phytoremediation in tropical areas. Therefore, it continues to be an excellent candidate for application as a macrophyte in the constructed wetland wastewater treatment technology. As such, determining the potential scope of the performance of C. papyrus is vital for the optimal application and design of C. papyrus-based constructed wetland systems. This work collates growth, productivity and performance information from various independent studies incorporating the C. papyrus macrophyte.

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An approach toward rational design of constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment

Cited by 35 publications

References 8 publications

A vertical subsurface-flow constructed wetland in Beijing

A vertical subsurface-flow constructed wetland in Beijing

Conservative and reactive solute transport in constructed wetlands

Use of the Macrophyte Cyperus papyrus in Wastewater Treatment

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