An approximate model for estimating the faradaic efficiency loss in zinc/bromine batteries caused by cell self-discharge

Yang, S.C.

doi:10.1016/0378-7753(94)01910-x

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In conventional ZBB configuration, a porous membrane placing between the positive and negative compartment of ZBB acts as a barrier for Br 2 crossover, while allowing the ionic conduction of Zn 2+ and Br − 14 , 15 . Until now, several hundred micron-thick hydrophilic-treated porous polyethylene membranes such as SF-600 (Asahi Kasei) and Daramic ® membranes have been practically employed considering the balance between ionic conduction and Br 2 crossover; in order to prevent Br 2 crossover through the pores, such thick membranes are used in spite of the consequent increase in membrane resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrathin Nafion-filled porous membrane for zinc/bromine redox flow batteries

Kim

Doo

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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In this work, we present a 16 μm-thick Nafion-filled porous membrane for Zn/Br redox flow batteries (ZBBs). By using molecular dynamics simulation and dynamic light scattering analysis, we rationally design Nafion solution for Nafion impregnation into a porous polypropylene (PP) separator. A void-free Nafion/PP membrane is successfully fabricated by using NMP as a solvent for the Nafion solution. The resulting membrane shows a smaller area specific resistance in comparison with 600 μm-thick, commercial SF-600 porous membrane. Due to its dense morphology, Br2 diffusivity of the Nafion/PP membrane is two orders of magnitude lower than that of SF-600, resulting in a comparable Br2 crossover in spite of 37.5 times smaller membrane thickness. As a result, the ZBB based on the Nafion/PP membrane exhibits a higher energy efficiency, demonstrating that ion exchange membrane can outperform the conventional porous membrane by reducing the membrane thickness with inexpensive porous substrate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrathin Nafion-filled porous membrane for zinc/bromine redox flow batteries

Kim

Doo

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…[63] Overcharging, in the extreme case, leads to electrolysis of the electrolyte and the production of water leading to irreversible damage of battery cell. A major drawback of the ZnBr FB is its high self-discharge rate which is attributed to diffusion of Br2 from the bromine side electrode, across the membrane, to zinc electroplated electrode and subsequent oxidization of the plated zinc that causes the decline of the battery charge when stored unused in the fully charged state [64]. The charging and discharging rate have an important impact on the performance of ZnBr FB.…”

Section: F Zinc-bromine Flow Batterymentioning

confidence: 99%

Model-Free Non-Invasive Health Assessment for Battery Energy Storage Assets

Sobon

Stephen

2021

IEEE Access

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With the increasing application of battery energy storage in buildings, networks and transportation, an emerging challenge to overall system resilience is in understanding the constituent asset health. Current battery energy storage considerations focus on adhering to the technical specification of the service in the short term, rather than the long-term consequences to battery health. However, accurately determining battery health generally requires invasive measurements or computationally expensive physicsbased models which do not scale up to a fleet of assets cost-effectively. This paper alternatively proposes capturing cumulative maloperation through a physics model-free proxy for cell health, articulated via the strong influence misuse has on the internal chemical state. A Hidden Markov Chain approach is used to automatically recognize violations of chemistry specific usage preferences from sequences of observed charging actions. The resulting methodology is demonstrated on distribution network level electrical demand and generation data, accurately predicting maloperation under a number of battery technology scenarios.

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“…This early paper revised various types of models that include material balance, migration, current and potential distributions, shunt currents and associated energy losses, energy efficiency predictions. Other simulations of faradaic efficiency [117] and current distribution [118] have been published, but are now out of date. Recently, a conference on simulation has focused the crossover of bromine ions [119].…”

Section: Prospects For Zinc-bromine Redox Flow Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The characteristics and performance of hybrid redox flow batteries with zinc negative electrodes for energy storage

Arenas

Loh

Trudgeon

et al. 2018

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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Zinc negative electrodes are well known in primary batteries based on the classical Leclanché cell but a more recent development is the introduction of a number of rechargeable redox flow batteries for pilot and commercial scale using a zinc/zinc ion redox couple, in acid or alkaline electrolytes, or transformation of surface zinc oxides as a reversible electrode. The benefits and limitations of zinc negative electrodes are outlined with examples to discuss their thermodynamic and kinetic characteristics along with their practical aspects. Four main types of redox flow batteries employing zinc electrodes are considered, the zinc-bromine, zinccerium, zinc-air and zinc-nickel. Problems associated with zinc deposition and dissolution, especially in acid media, are summarised. The main features of each battery are identified and the benefits of a flowing electrolyte are explained. In each case, a summary of their development, including the electrode and cell reactions, their potentials, the performance of the positive and negative electrodes, the benefits of a single flow compartment and cell developments for energy storage are included. Remaining challenges are highlighted and possibilities for future advances in redox flow batteries are suggested.

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An approximate model for estimating the faradaic efficiency loss in zinc/bromine batteries caused by cell self-discharge

Cited by 14 publications

References 6 publications

Ultrathin Nafion-filled porous membrane for zinc/bromine redox flow batteries

Ultrathin Nafion-filled porous membrane for zinc/bromine redox flow batteries

Model-Free Non-Invasive Health Assessment for Battery Energy Storage Assets

The characteristics and performance of hybrid redox flow batteries with zinc negative electrodes for energy storage

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