An areal census of elephant and buffalo in the Kruger National Park and the implication thereof on intended management schemes

Pienaar, U. de V.; M.Sc, P Van Wyk; (Agric), N. Fairall B.Sc.

doi:10.4102/koedoe.v9i1.781

Cited by 24 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…This is 3.5-fold the elephant density maintained in the KNP during the culling era (0.43 elephants km −2 ) and twofold the current elephant density (0.76 elephants km −2 ). This finding agrees with calculations suggesting that the KNP can at least support 20,000 elephants (Pienaar et al 1966) and with the "Elephant Science Roundtable" conclusion (2006) KNP" (Owen-Smith et al 2006). Conservation areas other than the KNP (Tsavo East National Park in Kenya, Chobe National Park in Botswana, and Hwange National Park in Zimbabwe) support elephant densities of 1-2 elephants km −2 , despite locally severe elephant impacts (Owen-Smith et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

How many elephants can you fit into a conservation area

Scheiter¹,

Higgins²

2012

Conservation Letters

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The African elephant is the largest extant terrestrial mammal and a reminder of the Pleistocene megafauna. Their survival is, however, dependent on conservation areas. In some conservation areas, rapidly growing elephant populations have led conservation biologists to ask, how many elephants can these areas support? The debate is polarized by arguments for large populations for economic, social, or ethical reasons and arguments for smaller populations that avoid biodiversity loss. We use a novel dynamic modeling approach to assess how climate change-induced vegetation change may influence the capacity of a conservation area to support large herbivores. The model projects that elephant densities and fire have substantial impacts on vegetation under current climatic conditions. Under future conditions, the capacity to support elephants increases due to CO 2 -induced increases in woody plant productivity. We conclude that sustainable management in conservation areas needs to be conditioned on the effects of climate change on vegetation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

How many elephants can you fit into a conservation area

Scheiter¹,

Higgins²

2012

Conservation Letters

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“…comm. BURTON, 1972KITAMURA, 1983 SUGIYAMA t~ KOMAN, 1979REYNOLDS, 1965TUTIN et al, 1983TUTIN et al, 1983NISmDA, 1968BALDWIN et al, 1982TUTIN et al, 1983ITANI, 1979NAGEL, 1973DUNBAR & DUNBAR, 1974PATERSON, 1973ALDRICH-BLAKE et al, 1971DUNBAR t~ DUN-BAR, 1974HARDING, 1976RANSOM, 1981PoPP, 1978BUIRSKI et al, 1973PATERSON, 1973Row-ELL, 1966 HALL, 1960STOLTZ, 1977HALL, 1963PIENAAR. 1966HAMILTON et al, 1975STOLTZ, 1977BUSSE, 1980pers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predation and primate evolution

Anderson

1986

Primates

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ABSTRACT. This paper presents the results of a general review of predation on nonhuman primates as a selective force in primate evolution. Testable hypotheses derived from the literature on predation on primates, concerning sexual dimorphism, male defense, group size, solitaries, transfer, subgrouping, and sex ratio, were applied to the available data on populations with varying predation rates in search of significant correlations. All seven hypotheses were supported, indicating that predation is and has been an important determinant of primate evolutionary history. Suggestions for accumulating a larger and more accurate body of information on predation rates on primates are offered.

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“…The elephant problem, as it is known, has its roots in the locally high numbers of elephants in conservation areas and their perceived consequences for vegetation (see Pienaar et al, 1966, van Wyk and Fairall, 1969, Brooks and Buss, 1962, Caughley, 1976, Hanks, 1979, Barnes, 1983and Foggin, 2003. More specifically, such high numbers have been blamed for degrading vegetation to the detriment of other species (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Megaparks for metapopulations: Addressing the causes of locally high elephant numbers in southern Africa

Aarde

Jackson

2007

Biological Conservation

161

133

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Conservation management options for southern African elephants range from local to regional scales. Here we review these options and argue in favour of actions that will deal with the causes rather than symptoms of elephant numbers that are locally high. Metapopulation theory ensures population persistence, while our approach extends this in order to stabilise elephant numbers regionally. By allowing for the development and maintenance of regional sinks, we may also limit numbers in sources. This application of the metapopulation metaphor is a powerful ecological platform from which to manage elephant numbers and impact through southern Africa. Our approach engages the causes of the apparently high abundance of elephants in parts of southern Africa. It moves away from the practice of dealing only with numbers (symptoms) when managing the impact of elephants on other species. While providing an ecological basis for the development of elephant management options, this needs to be melded with social, political and economic realities through southern Africa. In this regard we are encouraged by the ongoing development of several Transfrontier Conservation programmes and Peace Parks across the region. Article Outline

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An areal census of elephant and buffalo in the Kruger National Park and the implication thereof on intended management schemes

Abstract: An areal census of elephant and buffalo in the Kruger National Park and the implication thereof on intended management scheme

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

How many elephants can you fit into a conservation area

How many elephants can you fit into a conservation area

Predation and primate evolution

Megaparks for metapopulations: Addressing the causes of locally high elephant numbers in southern Africa

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