An Argument for Separate Analyses of Attitudes Toward Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual Men, Bisexual Women, MtF and FtM Transgender Individuals

Worthen, Meredith G. F.

doi:10.1007/s11199-012-0155-1

Cited by 277 publications

(242 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…There is a dearth of research concerning attitudes towards transgender people separate from other LGBT subgroups [18], and, in particular, separate studies for individual transgender subgroups [59].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Which Gender is More Concerned About Transgender Women in Female Bathrooms?

Stones

2016

Gend. Issues

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We enumerate 1035 user comments from 190 online articles to gauge public opinion about safety and privacy when transgender women use female bathrooms. In these comments, we find that cisgender males are around 1.559 as likely to express concern about safety and privacy as cisgender females. Moreover, we find that when expressing concern (a) cisgender females are around 49 as likely as cisgender males to assert that transgender women do not directly cause their safety and privacy concerns, typically emphasizing their concerns are about 'perverts' posing as transgender females, and (b) cisgender males are around 1.59 as likely as cisgender females to assert that transgender females directly cause their safety and privacy concerns. We theorize that the heightened concern seen in males in these comments stems from them being more likely to view transgender females not as females, but as males who are lying or mistaken about their gender, and consequently they view themselves as protecting females from these males intruding into private, female-only spaces. This may be further exacerbated by a fear of deception and a belief that transgender people are mentally ill or 'sick'.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Which Gender is More Concerned About Transgender Women in Female Bathrooms?

Stones

2016

Gend. Issues

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“…This prediction is motivated by previous studies using crosssectional data, which found that peer victimization tends to be lower among older adolescents than among younger adolescents. 10,15,19 However, because adults exhibit stronger gender-norm expectations for boys than for girls and tend to report greater hostility toward gay/bisexual boys than toward lesbian/bisexual girls, [20][21][22][23] we also hypothesize that victimization rates after secondary/high school will remain disproportionately high for gay/bisexual boys but not for lesbian/bisexual girls relative to their heterosexual peers. Second, with respect to the issue of victimization and emotional distress, we hypothesize that the disproportionate early victimization experienced by LGB youth will predict their elevated levels of emotional distress.…”

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confidence: 99%

Developmental Trends in Peer Victimization and Emotional Distress in LGB and Heterosexual Youth

2013

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: Peer victimization predicts numerous health risks. Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB)-identified youth report greater peer victimization than do heterosexualidentified youth. No longitudinal studies have been conducted on developmental trends of peer victimization and emotional distress among LGB and heterosexual youth. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:We provide the first longitudinal evidence on developmental trends of peer victimization and emotional distress for LGB-and heterosexual-identified youth. The findings suggest peer victimization of LGB-identified youth decreases in absolute, but not necessarily relative, terms and contributes to later emotional distress disparities. abstract OBJECTIVES: This study had 2 objectives: Our first objective was to provide the first evidence of developmental trends in victimization rates for lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB)-and heterosexual-identified youth, both in absolute and relative terms, and to examine differences by gender. Our second objective was to examine links between victimization, sexual identity, and later emotional distress. METHODS:Data are from a nationally representative prospective cohort study of youth in England were collected annually between 2004 and 2010. Our final analytic dataset includes 4135 participants with data at all 7 waves; 4.5% (n = 187) identified as LGB. Analyses included hierarchical linear modeling, propensity score matching, and structural equation modeling. RESULTS:LGB victimization rates decreased in absolute terms. However, trends in relative rates were more nuanced: Gay/bisexual-identified boys became more likely to be victimized compared with heterosexualidentified boys (wave 1: odds ratio [OR] = 1.78, P = .011; wave 7: OR = 3.95, P = .001), whereas relative rates among girls approached parity (wave 1: OR = 1.95, P = .001; wave 7: OR = 1.18, P = .689), suggesting different LGB-heterosexual relative victimization rate trends for boys and girls. Early victimization and emotional distress explained about 50% of later LGB-heterosexual emotional distress disparities for both boys and girls (each P , .015).CONCLUSIONS: Victimization of LGB youth decreases in absolute, but not necessarily relative, terms. The findings suggest that addressing LGB victimization during adolescence is critical to reducing LGBheterosexual emotional distress disparities but additional support may be necessary to fully eliminate these disparities. Dr Robinson conceptualized the study, designed and performed the data analysis, drafted the initial manuscript, reviewed and revised the manuscript, and approved the final manuscript as submitted; Dr Espelage conceptualized the study, reviewed and revised the manuscript, and approved the final manuscript as submitted; and Dr Rivers conceptualized the study, reviewed and revised the manuscript, and approved the final manuscript as submitted.www.pediatrics.org/cgi

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“…Es frecuente, por ejemplo, que hombres heterosexuales expresen prejuicios ante la fantasía de relaciones sexuales entre hombres; pero, al mismo tiempo refieren una marcada excitación ante la observación de estos comportamientos entre un par de mujeres, cuestión muy explotada repetidamente en el mercado cinematográfico para personas adultas (Pirlott & Neuberg, 2013). Asimismo, dada la insistencia o necesidad de contar con escalas que evalúen homofobia, lesbofobia y otros constructos relacionados con suficiente validez (y discriminación entre ellos) para demostrar que son constructos plenamente separables y separados, la alta correlación entre ATG y ATL que se observó en la presente investigación sugiere que esta escala necesita revisión o actualización en los puntos que exploran cada dimensión o constructo (Worthen, 2013). Las observaciones casuales denotan la existencia de estos matices en la actitud hacia los diferentes grupos dentro del alfabeto de las sexualidades, aun en el colectivo LGBTTTII.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Las acciones orientadas a la aceptación o la inclusión social pueden tener resultados distintos según los subgrupos involucrados, lo cual sugiere que el prejuicio es distinto para cada letra de la sigla LGBTTTII (Worthen, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Aunque, teóricamente se insiste en diferenciar homofobia, lesbofobia, bifobia y transfobia (Worthen, 2013), no se cuenta con estudios cuantitativos que corroboren la necesidad de esa precisión en la investigación aplicada. Por ejemplo, Eliason (1997) Sin embargo, los investigadores en estos estudios precedentes omitieron la posibilidad que ambas escalas cuantificaran el mismo constructo, y no dos distintos, y concluyeron que la alta correlación entre las dos subescalas era esperada, bajo la hipótesis implícita de que ambas modalidades de prejuicios coexistirían, y corroboraba la validez nomológica de las mediciones (Barrientos & Cárdenas, 2012;Cárdenas & Barrientos, 2008;Herek, 1988;Rye & Meany, 2010;Stoever & Morera, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Correlación entre actitud hacia gais y lesbianas en estudiantes de medicina

Campo‐Arias

Herazo²,

Oviedo³

2017

Psicogente

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* Estos resultados son producto de la investigación titulada "Estudio para explotar la utilidad de escalas en estudiantes universitarios". ResumenEste artículo es resultado de una investigación cuyo objetivo fue explorar la correlación cuantitativa entre homofobia y lesbofobia en estudiantes de Medicina de una universidad de Bogotá, Colombia. El estudio transversal se llevó a cabo con estudiantes de Medicina mayores de 18 años. La homofobia y la lesbofobia se midieron con la Escala para Actitud hacia Gais y Lesbianas (ATGL). La ATGL se compone de dos escalas de diez ítems: Escala para Actitud hacia Hombres Gais (ATG) y la Escala para Actitud hacia Mujeres Lesbianas (ATL). La correlación entre puntuaciones para homofobia y lesbofobia se calculó con coeficiente de Pearson (r). Se planteó la hipótesis de que homofobia y lesbofobia eran diferentes construcciones si la correlación entre las escalas era inferior a 0,60. Un total de 359 estudiantes de Medicina participaron en la investigación, la media para la edad fue de 20,2 años (DE=1,9), y el 59,1 % eran mujeres. Las puntuaciones en la ATG (alfa de Cronbach de 0,85) se observaron entre 10 y 50, con una media de 27,9 (DE=8,1) y en la ATL (alfa de Cronbach de 0,73) entre 10 y 45, con media de 24,8 (DE=6,8). La correlación entre homofobia (ATG) y lesbofobia (ATL) fue r=0,64 (p<0,001). Se concluye que la ATG y ATL muestran correlación altamente significativa, lo que sugiere que homofobia y lesbofobia no son constructos completamente diferentes y podrían incluirse en el concepto general de prejuicio sexual. Otras investigaciones deben corroborar el presente hallazgo. AbstractThe article is a result of a research whose objective was to explore the quantitative correlation between homophobia and lesbophobia among medical students from a university in Bogota, Colombia. A cross-sectional study was conducted with medical students over 18 years. Homophobia and lesbophobia were measured with the scale Attitude toward Gays and Lesbians (ATGL). The ATGL has of two ten-item scales: Attitude toward Gay Men Scale (ATG) and Attitude toward Lesbian Women Scale (ATL). Correlation between both scales was computed with the Pearson coefficient (r). It was hypothesized that homophobia and lesbophobia were different constructs if the correlation between scales was lower than 0.60. A total of 359 medical students participated in the research. The age average was 20.2 years old (SD=1.9); and 59.1 % were females. The ATG (Cronbach's alpha of 0.85) scores were between 10 and 50, with an average of 27.9 (SD=8.1) and for ATL (Cronbach's alpha of 0.73) between 10 and 45, with an average of 24.8 (SD=6.8).The correlation between homophobia (ATG) and lesbophobia (ATL) was of r=0.64 (p<0.001). It was that concluded that the ATG and ATL show a significantly high correlation; it suggests that homophobia and lesbophobia are not different constructs and both terms could be included in the general concept of sexual prejudice. Other researches must corroborate the present finding.

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An Argument for Separate Analyses of Attitudes Toward Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual Men, Bisexual Women, MtF and FtM Transgender Individuals

Cited by 277 publications

References 109 publications

Which Gender is More Concerned About Transgender Women in Female Bathrooms?

Which Gender is More Concerned About Transgender Women in Female Bathrooms?

Developmental Trends in Peer Victimization and Emotional Distress in LGB and Heterosexual Youth

Correlación entre actitud hacia gais y lesbianas en estudiantes de medicina

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