An Aromatic Diamine Molecule as the <i>A</i>‐Site Solute for Highly Durable and Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

Kim, Jinhyun; Hwang, Taehyun; Lee, Byung-Ho; Lee, Sangheon; Park, Ki‐Min; Park, Helen Hejin; Park, Byungwoo

doi:10.1002/smtd.201800361

Cited by 60 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…[25] Meanwhile, the proper assembly of a 1D@3D perovskite by means of A-site cation substitution was demonstrated to own extra stability against air, light, and heat. [26,27] In this scenario, the halide 1D@3D perovskites likely provide an effective protocol to sort out the stability issues of 3D PSCs. Despite significant amount of efforts have been dedicated for 2D-3D PSCs with remarkable success, their application in photovoltaic field of 1D@3D perovskites with controlled structures and dimension in a rational manner are still largely underexplored to date.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lattice‐Matching Structurally‐Stable 1D@3D Perovskites toward Highly Efficient and Stable Solar Cells

Liu

Xian

Yuan

et al. 2020

Advanced Energy Materials

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Van der Waals forces, usually own lower decomposition activation energy and high freedom degree of ions migration, which inevitably leads to inferior stability of 3D perovskite itself. [7][8][9] In addition, the neutral iodine atoms are easily pushed forward into the nearby lattice to form a large number of iodine vacancies, relying on the decoupling of electrons and holes. [10] Distinct from the band-like nature of the high-mobility electronic transport in perovskite material, the ionic migration exhibits obvious hopping conduction with varying activation energies under external environment. [11,12] In this scenario, structure-induced ion migration has a detrimental role in the perovskite decomposition and thereafter quenching the performance of solar cells.In the structure of perovskites, the basic building blocks of [PbX 6 ] 4− octahedra are organized in different ways to exhibit 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D structures. [13][14][15][16] It should be noted that, here, the 2D, 1D, and 0D perovskites on molecular level definitions are different from the morphological 2D nanosheets, 1D nanowires, and 0D nanoparticles based on 3D APbX 3 that were reported elsewhere. [17,18] Particularly, the 2D multilayered halide perovskites are attained by stacking n perovskite layers along the [h00] direction of the archetypal 3D structure, spaced out by long separated ammonium cations. The unit layers are stacked together by a combination force of hydrophobic and/or Coulombic to maintain the structure integrity. [19] Recently, the 2D and/or 2D-3D halide PSCs emerged as a promising class of stable and efficient devices, which enable to realize the efficiency as high as 16.92% and 22.1% for 2D and 2D-3D halide PSCs, respectively. [20,21] Following this line of thought, the 1D perovskites have the [PbX 6 ] 4− octahedra structurally linked in a 1D chain that may share the corner, edge, or face, and the A-site organic cations were interleaved among the octahedra. [22,23] The structural dimensionalities of 1D perovskites can be single-chain (n = 1), double-chains (n = 2), triple-chains, and infinite-chains (n = ∞) edge/face-shared [PbX 6 ] 4− octahedra, respectively. Generally, 1D organic metal halides with corner/edge/face-shared [PbX 6 ] 4− octahedra have higher stability than 3D organic-inorganic metal halides, which could be associated with its structural merits: i) the linearly arranged [PbX 6 ] 4− by means of "shoulder to shoulder" can improve the skeleton strength of The stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has been identified to be the bottleneck toward their industrialization. With the aim of tackling this challenge, a 1D PbI 2 -bipyridine (BPy)(II) perovskite is fabricated, which is shown to be capable of in situ assembly of a 1D@3D perovskite that is promoted by a PbI 2 -dimethyl sulfoxide complex with a skeletal linear chain structure. The as-prepared 1D@3D perovskite is observed to demonstrate extremely high stability under external large electric fields in humid environments by means of an in situ characterization technique...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lattice‐Matching Structurally‐Stable 1D@3D Perovskites toward Highly Efficient and Stable Solar Cells

Liu

Xian

Yuan

et al. 2020

Advanced Energy Materials

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“…High humidity was used to detect devices with damaged encapsulation which would undergo rapid moisture-induced degradation with a leak. As presented in Figure 5 , improved thermal stability was observed for the device with CuCrO 2 /PTAA HTL, where the device maintained over 90% of its initial PCE after 860 h. The degradation of organic cations in the perovskite or small organic molecules within HTL can critically damage both bulk and the interface, especially at an elevated temperature [ 9 , 10 , 20 , 81 , 82 ]. It can be inferred that the presence of more heat-resistant CuCrO 2 nanoparticles in the vicinity of perovskite and HTL creates a more heat-resistant interface with reduced interfacial reactions to maintain excellent thermal stability.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the field of next-generation photovoltaics, organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskite solar cells have gathered tremendous attention since their emergence due to their rapidly growing power conversion efficiency (PCE), micrometer-scale carrier diffusion length, high absorption coefficient over solar spectrum regions, small exciton binding energy, etc. [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. However, its relatively poor stability is still a main bottleneck toward commercialization, which becomes more serious at elevated temperatures or under constant illumination due to the rapid degradation of materials along with the accelerated formation and migration of defects [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CuCrO2 Nanoparticles Incorporated into PTAA as a Hole Transport Layer for 85 °C and Light Stabilities in Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2020

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High-mobility inorganic CuCrO2 nanoparticles are co-utilized with conventional poly(bis(4-phenyl)(2,5,6-trimethylphenyl)amine) (PTAA) as a hole transport layer (HTL) for perovskite solar cells to improve device performance and long-term stability. Even though CuCrO2 nanoparticles can be readily synthesized by hydrothermal reaction, it is difficult to form a uniform HTL with CuCrO2 alone due to the severe agglomeration of nanoparticles. Herein, both CuCrO2 nanoparticles and PTAA are sequentially deposited on perovskite by a simple spin-coating process, forming uniform HTL with excellent coverage. Due to the presence of high-mobility CuCrO2 nanoparticles, CuCrO2/PTAA HTL demonstrates better carrier extraction and transport. A reduction in trap density is also observed by trap-filled limited voltages and capacitance analyses. Incorporation of stable CuCrO2 also contributes to the improved device stability under heat and light. Encapsulated perovskite solar cells with CuCrO2/PTAA HTL retain their efficiency over 90% after ~900-h storage in 85 °C/85% relative humidity and under continuous 1-sun illumination at maximum-power point.

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“…[40] So the negatively charged of S units in MI and positively charged PEDOT in PEDOT: PSS was integrated via Coulomb interaction as shown in Figure S2c (Supporting Information). Simultaneously, the pyridinium cation could effectively passivate the Pb-I antisite defects or cation vacancy to reduce interfacial recombination and accelerate carrier extraction, [55,56] which accordingly improves the PSCs performance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Molecule Modulator at the Interface for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells with High Short‐Circuit Current Density and Hysteresis Free

Wang

et al. 2020

Adv Elect Materials

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received much attention recently due to its excellent photoelectric properties, such as strong light-absorbing coefficient, long carrier lifetime, adjustable bandgap and simple fabrication process. [3-9] In the past few years, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has been promoted from 3.8% to 25.2% by the substantial effort, such as the additive engineering, interface engineering, and film morphology engineering. [10-14] However, the mesoporous PSCs require high sintering temperature, increasing energy consumption and device cost, which are incompatible with commercial and flexible applications. [15-17] Hence numerous efforts are conducted to fabricate the planar PSCs with well-established low-temperature and simple fabrication process. [18-20] Unfortunately, researches have shown that perovskite films in the planer PSCs prepared by one-step anti-solvent deposition have many interface defects, [21-24] which accelerate the degradation of PSCs under humidity, oxygen, thermal condition and illumination fields. [25-28] Thus, interface modification is extensively used to improve the photovoltaic performance of the PSCs. [29-33] In planar PSCs, the electron transfer layer (ETL) and hole transport layer (HTL) have crucial influences on the crystallization process of perovskite films. Meanwhile, the interfacial contacts between the ETL (or HTL) and the perovskite films affect the photogenerated carriers dynamic and thus change the overall device efficiency, stability and hysteresis. [34-38] It is well known that the enlarged grains of perovskite films and decreased interface defects boost the performance of PSCs. Accordingly, the interface modification at perovskite/HTL and perovskite/ETL interfaces have been investigated and optimized. For instance, several effective electronic transport materials (i.e., TiO 2 , ZnO, SnO 2) have been modified by inserting a passivation layer to aggrandize grain size, reduce interface recombination and increase interface carrier transmission in normal planar PSCs. [39-43] For the inverted PSCs, several organic and inorganic materials formed on HTL by interface modification for improving PCE, such as polymers poly (4-vinyl pyridine) (PVP), poly (N-90-heptadecanyl-2,7-carbazolealt-5,5-(40,70-di-2-thienyl-20,10,30-benzothiadiazole))PCDTBT), Interface engineering is widely applied in the one-step antisolvent deposition for elevating efficiency of the perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, an alcohol-soluble small molecule, namely 2-mercaptoimidazole (MI), is inserted between the hole transport layer and perovskite layer to form a cross-linking bridge, which is built through: i) Coulomb interaction between the negatively charged MI and positively charged poly (3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene); ii) electrostatic interaction between imidazolium cation and iodide anion in perovskite. The cross-linking bridge can accelerate the hole transmission and inhibit interfacial recombination. Hence, by the optimum design of MI concentration, hysteresis-free devices with a hi...

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An Aromatic Diamine Molecule as the A‐Site Solute for Highly Durable and Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

Cited by 60 publications

References 50 publications

Lattice‐Matching Structurally‐Stable 1D@3D Perovskites toward Highly Efficient and Stable Solar Cells

Lattice‐Matching Structurally‐Stable 1D@3D Perovskites toward Highly Efficient and Stable Solar Cells

CuCrO2 Nanoparticles Incorporated into PTAA as a Hole Transport Layer for 85 °C and Light Stabilities in Perovskite Solar Cells

Small Molecule Modulator at the Interface for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells with High Short‐Circuit Current Density and Hysteresis Free

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