An Aspect of Gestalt Psychology

Köhler, Wolfgang

doi:10.1080/08856559.1925.9944846

Cited by 94 publications

(133 citation statements)

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“…Incidentally, Wohlgemuth's display appears superficially similar to other displays in which, however, an aftereffect is reported in the same direction as the motion-adapted area (Bonnet & Pouthas, 1972;Smith & Over, 1979;Weisstein, Maguire, & Berbaum, 1977). Crucial differences between the latter and Wohlgemuth's display probably lie in the size of the nonadapted area and the degree of good continuity (Kohler, 1947) across the motion-adapted pattern.…”

Section: Aftereffects and Adaptation Of Induced Movementmentioning

confidence: 69%

Induced movement in the visual modality: An overview.

Reinhardt-Rutland¹

1988

Psychological Bulletin

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Induced movement, illusory movement in a stationary stimulus resulting from adjoining movement, has received steady experimental investigation over the last 70 years or so. It is observed under different viewing conditions in a wide variety of displays that differ considerably in overall size and in form of inducing and induced stimuli. Explanations have been diverse, some being based on relations within the display and others invoking mediation by other aspects of the observer's perception. Probably, no one explanation can account for all forms of induced movement. Current knowledge about induced movement may have important implications for visual perception of object morion. Among possibly important factors is size of display, which can vary from two small spots (e.g., Carr & Hardy, 1920) to displays occupying most of the observer's visual field (e.g., Post, 1986).A second major purpose of this overview is to examine explanations for induced movement (Explanations section). Duncker's (1929Duncker's ( /1938 findings have had an important influence here, although many of his suggestions have subsequently been shown to require at least some modification. For example, his theory I thank J. Morss for reading an earlier version of this article, J. Ravey for translation, and two anonymous referees for helpful suggestions.

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Section: Aftereffects and Adaptation Of Induced Movementmentioning

confidence: 69%

Induced movement in the visual modality: An overview.

Reinhardt-Rutland¹

1988

Psychological Bulletin

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“…Mental set is harmful for attaining insight because fixation on one solution process that is satisfactory for all of the set problems makes the problem solver "blind" to easier or smarter approaches (Koffka, 1935;Luchins, 1942;Duncker, 1945;Köhler, 1947;Luchins & Luchins, 1959;Wertheimer, 1959). Equally, prior knowledge is harmful for attaining insight because it causes fixation on certain aspects of the problem (e.g., the function of an object) and thus hinders successful solution.…”

Section: Set and Insight In Problem Solvingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Effect of Mental Set on Insight Problem Solving

Öllinger

Jones

Knoblich

2008

Experimental Psychology

114

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Mental set is the tendency to solve certain problems in a fixed way based on previous solutions to similar problems. The moment of insight occurs when a problem cannot be solved using solution methods suggested by prior experience and the problem solver suddenly realizes that the solution requires different solution methods. Mental set and insight have often been linked together and yet no attempt thus far has systematically examined the interplay between the two. Three experiments are presented that examine the extent to which sets of non-insight and insight problems affect the subsequent solutions of insight test problems. The results indicate a subtle interplay between mental set and insight: when the set involves non-insight problems, no mental set effects are shown for the insight test problems, yet when the set involves insight problems, both facilitation and inhibition can be seen depending on the type of insight problem presented in the set. A two process model is detailed to explain these findings that combines the representational change mechanism with that of proceduralisation.Set and Insight in Problem Solving 3

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“…Early gestalt psychologists (Kohler, 1947;Wertheimer, 1923) discussed already the relevance of regularities for visual perception. The gestalt law of Pragnanz (Koffka, 1935) embodies the concept that perception tends to result in overall simplicity.…”

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confidence: 99%

Competing global and local completions in visual occlusion.

Lier¹,

Helm²,

Leeuwenberg³

1995

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

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In visual occlusion 2 amodal-completion tendencies occur frequently. One tendency leads toward the simplest completed shape (a global completion) and the other to a shape for which the completion itself is as simple as possible (a local completion). Two experimental paradigms were used to test the strengths of these completion tendencies: a drawing task and a simultaneous matching task. The experimental results support the notion that the preference for either a global or a local completion is the consequence of a competition between interpretations. Finally, the authors discuss how the preference for a completion can be predicted by a model that is based on a quantification of both global and local aspects.

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An Aspect of Gestalt Psychology

Cited by 94 publications

References 0 publications

Induced movement in the visual modality: An overview.

Induced movement in the visual modality: An overview.

Investigating the Effect of Mental Set on Insight Problem Solving

Competing global and local completions in visual occlusion.

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