An assessment of ecosystem services of Corbett Tiger Reserve, India

Badola, Ruchi; Hussain, Syed Ainul; Mishra, Bidyut Kumar; Konthoujam, Bidyarani; Thapliyal, Sneha; Dhakate, Parag Madhukar

doi:10.1007/s10669-010-9278-5

Cited by 55 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Group discussions with the key informants from the National Park management staff, villagers and infrastructure owners provided information on flow of resources and leakages in economic activities (Kinhill Economics, 1998). Primary data on tourism linked livelihood strategies were collected using pre-designed questionnaires and group discussions with the key informants following methods recommended by Mbaiwa (2005), Badola et al, (2010) and Rastogi et al, (2010). This was aimed at capturing the direct and indirect contribution of tourism to the income of local residents.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An analysis of livelihood linkages of tourism in Kaziranga National Park, a Natural World Heritage Site in India

Hussain¹,

Barthwal²,

Badola³

et al. 2012

PARKS

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We evaluated the livelihood linkages of existing tourism practices in Kaziranga National Park, a World Heritage site located in Assam, India. The main objective of the study was to assess the contribution of tourism to local livelihoods and suggest ways to strengthen these linkages. Focus group discussions and interviews of tourism service providers were carried out to identify their share of tourism income. A survey of tourists was conducted to examine the amount spent by visitors while visiting the park. The primary data was supplemented by secondary information obtained from the park office, service providers and records of village self-help groups. In 2006-2007, the total amount of money that flowed through the tourism sector in Kaziranga National Park was estimated to be US$ 5 million per annum, of which different stakeholders (excluding government) received US$ 3.27 million per annum. The balance of income flowed as leakage for purchase of supplies and logistic support outside the tourism zone. The financial benefits to local stakeholders may increase if the leakages could be prevented through planned interventions such as proper marketing of products from cottage industries and strengthening of local level institutions. In addition to wildlife viewing, promotion of nature trails and package tours may be encouraged in the buffer zones and adjoining forests areas to enhance tourist visitation to un-tapped sites that could provide additional livelihood options to local communities.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An analysis of livelihood linkages of tourism in Kaziranga National Park, a Natural World Heritage Site in India

Hussain¹,

Barthwal²,

Badola³

et al. 2012

PARKS

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“…Quantifying and understanding the heterogeneity of opportunity costs is an essential first step in developing a cost effective PES scheme (Tallis and Polasky 2009, Adams et al 2010, Badola et al 2010. In this research, the different landholder, land, and landuse characteristics clearly determined the spatial distribution of opportunity costs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In particular, household attributes of landholders have only rarely been included in opportunity costs estimation, and we need to understand their effect on PES scheme participation and effectiveness (for exceptions see Naidoo et al 2006, Siikamaki andLayton 2007). Quantifying the impact of landholder and land attributes is an essential first step in developing a cost effective PES scheme, especially in areas without robust land markets because opportunity costs in provider groups, and the ecosystem services provided, are often heterogeneous (Tallis and Polasky 2009, Adams et al 2010, Badola et al 2010, Chen et al 2010.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow and rent-based opportunity costs of water ecosystem service provision in a complex farming system

Rendón¹,

Dallimer²,

Paavola³

2016

E&S

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rent-based opportunity costs of water ecosystem service provision in a complex farming system. Ecology and Society 21 (4) ABSTRACT. Unsustainable land uses present many challenges for securing ecosystem service provision. It is also difficult to estimate the cost of a transition to more sustainable land-management practices for individual landholders. The main cost to landholders is the opportunity costs, the income foregone when changing land use for continued or enhanced ecosystem service provision. Thus accurate estimation of opportunity costs and understanding their distribution are crucial starting points for determining the economic viability and design of any payment for ecosystem services (PES) scheme. We compare two opportunity cost approaches and examine the distribution of these costs for improving drinking water quality in a complex farming system in a Honduran forest catchment. Data for both approaches was collected through a survey applied to upstream catchment landholders. Our results indicate that the direct flow approach and the proxy rent approach provide comparable and consistent opportunity cost estimates. The mean net flow return ha -1 was US$1410, but this estimate was skewed, mainly by exceptionally high coffee returns and negative returns of land uses making a loss. This estimate would imply spending over US$2 million per annum for water conservation, but a revised estimate comes to US$257,057 per annum. Opportunity costs were found to vary according to differences in land use and landholder characteristics. High value cash crops upholding the local economy, such as coffee, entail much higher opportunity costs than for example cattle grazing. These results suggest that discriminate PES payments, that vary according to opportunity costs and thus discriminate between land uses and landholders, are essential. Water quality at our case study site could be managed sustainably by a scheme focusing on highimpact land uses with lower opportunity costs and closer to water sources.

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“…Although no detailed studies have been conducted on the extent of loss due to humanwildlife conflict, in the neighbouring areas of Corbett in the same landscape, the indirect costs in terms of crop and livestock depredation by wild animals ranged from US$ 2408 to 37,958 per village over a five-year period 25 . This loss of livelihood has consequently resulted in the lack of support from the local communities towards the conservation of wildlife.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another cause for the lack of support from the local communities is the absence of development schemes, lack of a proper platform for the development of tourism and other livelihood-enhancing options. The exclusion of the local communities from park management was also identified as a cause for the lack of support 2,18,25,[28][29][30][31] . The antagonism among local communities towards PAs is largely fuelled when traditional livelihoods are curtailed and new opportunities are created in which they cannot partake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Balancing Conservation and Development in Nandhaur Wildlife Sanctuary, Uttarakhand, India

et al. 2017

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The Terai Arc Landscape in the foothills of the Himalaya is a critical tiger conservation unit straddling India and Nepal. The Nandhaur Wildlife Sanctuary (NWS) located in the eastern part of this landscape, is an important corridor for the movement of large mammalian species. This landscape is under tremendous pressure due to increased human population and demands for forest resources. The present study (1) assesses the dependence of the local communities on forest resources, (2) identifies concerns and interests of major stakeholders, and (3) assesses the major issues challenging conservation in the NWS. Household surveys and focus group discussions were carried out in 13 fringe villages around the NWS, and key stakeholders were identified and consulted. Risk assessment was done to identify the major issues in the area and their underlying causes. The local communities are dependent on forest for fuel wood (25-40 kg/ household/day) and fodder (20-25 kg/household/day). Low-income groups, displaced groups and the gujjar community emerged as the most dependent stakeholders. Diverse interests arose from the communities having different livelihood patterns. Habitat loss and degradation due to excessive extraction of forest resources, riverbed mining and lack of support of local communities emerged as the major threats hampering conservation in the area. Involvement of local communities in forest conservation along with provision of alternative livelihood is needed. It is critical to develop a consultative framework with the local communities and other stakeholders to explore alternative strategies that meet conservation and development goals.

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An assessment of ecosystem services of Corbett Tiger Reserve, India

Cited by 55 publications

References 26 publications

An analysis of livelihood linkages of tourism in Kaziranga National Park, a Natural World Heritage Site in India

An analysis of livelihood linkages of tourism in Kaziranga National Park, a Natural World Heritage Site in India

Flow and rent-based opportunity costs of water ecosystem service provision in a complex farming system

Balancing Conservation and Development in Nandhaur Wildlife Sanctuary, Uttarakhand, India

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