An assessment of the current Eurocode 1 design methods for building structure steel columns under vehicle impact

Al-Thairy, Haitham; Wang, Yongchang

doi:10.1016/j.jcsr.2013.05.013

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…A number of studies have pointed out that designing with current specifications is not sufficient to ensure the safety of bridge piers (Abdelkarim and Elgawady, 2017; Chen et al, 2020; El-Tawil et al, 2005). Similar conclusions were drawn regarding the equivalent static design force specified in Eurocode 1-Part 1-7 (BSI, 2006a) for building columns subjected to vehicular impact (Al-Thairy and Wang, 2013). In view of this, some researchers tried to propose a more appropriate equivalent static design force.…”

Section: Design Methodology For Rc Pier Under Vehicle Collisionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Vehicle collision with bridge piers: A state-of-the-art review

Chen

Liu

2020

Advances in Structural Engineering

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Although the probability of vehicle collision with bridge piers is relatively low, it may cause the pier to fracture and even the entire bridge to collapse, resulting in casualties and huge economic losses. Therefore, bridge piers should be properly designed against vehicle collision. This paper aims to make a state-of-the-art review of the research on vehicle collision with bridge piers, to summarize the achievements and current limitations in this field, and to give some suggestions for future research. It is organized within a framework of performance-based design, which is divided into four types of problems, that is, hazard analysis, structural analysis, damage analysis, and loss analysis. Studies show that reinforced concrete (RC) piers under vehicle impact generally exhibit three damage modes, that is, local damage, shear damage, and flexural damage. When a large truck hits a pier, the engine and container (cargo) may contribute to a two-stage impact characteristic, which has a great influence on the response and damage of the pier. The vehicular impact (force) models and nonlinear response models of RC members under impact loads have been developed respectively, which can be combined to quickly analyze the nonlinear response of RC piers under vehicle impact. Deformation-based methods should be developed to quantify the damage level of RC piers under different damage modes. Current codes still mainly adopt the equivalent static force design method, but some provisions regarding probabilistic (reliability) analysis have appeared. More attention should be paid to the statistical analysis of roadside crashes and vehicle-related parameters in order to obtain a more realistic probabilistic analysis model, and further establish a performance-based design method for RC piers subjected to vehicle collision.

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Section: Design Methodology For Rc Pier Under Vehicle Collisionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Vehicle collision with bridge piers: A state-of-the-art review

Chen

Liu

2020

Advances in Structural Engineering

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“…where k is the equivalent elastic stiffness of the vehicle. The value of k is adopted as 1200 kN/m according to Hu and Li (2016) and Al-Thairy and Wang (2013). The predicted maximum impact forces are also given in Figure 11.…”

Section: Impact Forcementioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical analysis of collision between a tractor-trailer and bridge pier

Chen

Fang

et al. 2018

International Journal of Protective Structures

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Accidents involving collisions of heavy-duty trucks with highway bridge piers occurred occasionally, in which the bridge piers might be subjected to severe damage, and cause the collapse of the superstructure due to the loss of axial loading capacity. The existing researches are mostly concentrated on the light-or medium-duty trucks. This article mainly concerns about the collisions between the heavy-duty trucks (e.g. tractor-trailer) and bridge piers as well as the evaluation of the impact force. First, by modifying the finite element model of Ford F800 single-unit truck, which was developed by National Crash Analysis Center, the finite element model of a tractor-trailer is established. Then, the full-scale tractor-trailer crash test on concrete-filled steel pier jointly conducted by Texas Transportation Institute, Federal Highway Administration, and Texas Department of Transportation is numerically simulated. The impact process is well reproduced and the established model is validated by comparison of the impact force. It indicates that the tractor-trailer impact force time history consists of two or three peaks and the corresponding causes are revealed. Furthermore, the parametric influences on the impact force are discussed, including the diameter and cross section shape of the pier, cargo weight, impact velocity, relative impact position, and vehicle type. Finally, the finite element model of an actual reinforced concrete highway bridge pier is established, and the impact force and lateral displacement of the pier subjected to the impact of the tractor-trailer are numerically derived and discussed.

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“…Based on elastic behavior, the maximum impact force is derived by simply equating the initial kinetic energy of the impacting vehicle to either the elastic strain energy of the vehicle itself in the case of hard impact, or the elastic strain energy of the impacted structure in the case of soft impact, as listed in Table 1. In 2013, taking into consideration the interaction between the impacting vehicle and the steel column and the plastic behavior of the impacting vehicle, Al-Thairy and Wang (2013) developed a modified equation based on the equation by Eurocode 1: Part1-7 (CEN, 2006). According to the vehicle deformation, two cases were considered and shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Current Maximum Impact Force Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All of the models mentioned above were derived from the initial kinetic energy of the impacting vehicle. The difference in the impact energy was assumed to be absorbed by either the vehicle or the impacted object for the design model in the Eurocode 1: Part 1-7 (CEN, 2006), only by the impacted object for Harrison’s model (Harrison, 2004), and both the vehicle and the impacted object for Hirsch’s (1986) model, the design models in Chinese code JTG D81-2006 (MOT, 2006) and Eurocode 1: Part 1-1 (CEN, 2002), Al-Thairy and Wang’s (2013) model, and Hu and Li’s (2016) model. However, these models attempted to use the principle of conservation of energy.…”

Section: Current Maximum Impact Force Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the impact between a truck and an ABS would be classified as a hard impact. Then, the equivalent elastic stiffness K normale of the design model in the Eurocode 1: Part1-7 (CEN, 2006) is the same as the vehicle elastic stiffness K 1 of Al-Thairy and Wang’s (2013) model. Furthermore, Hu and Li’s (2016) study found that the elastic stiffness of impact force versus truck deformation relationships is almost unchanged with impact speed increasing and could be determined as 1200 kN/m.…”

Section: Assessment Of Current Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An assessment of current maximum impact force models for anti-ram bollard systems subjected to truck impact

2017

International Journal of Protective Structures

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Anti-ram bollard systems, which maintain a sufficient standoff in front of a protected area, can prevent vehicle bombs from approaching the area and thus reduce the damage from blast and debris. This article collects the current maximum impact force models for the collision between a vehicle and a barrier and presents an assessment of the applicability of these models for a truck crashing into an anti-ram bollard system. A database, which contains four available crash test results and 63 numerical simulation results, has been established for the evaluation. The assessment results show most of the current models have a poor accuracy and two existing models present a better performance for predicting the maximum impact forces. Further comparison indicates that the predictions by one better-performing model based on energy balance are more accurate, whereas the other better-performing model based on vehicle crush is more conservative. Therefore, the model based on vehicle crush is suggested for the design of anti-ram bollard systems.

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An assessment of the current Eurocode 1 design methods for building structure steel columns under vehicle impact

Cited by 30 publications

References 8 publications

Vehicle collision with bridge piers: A state-of-the-art review

Vehicle collision with bridge piers: A state-of-the-art review

Numerical analysis of collision between a tractor-trailer and bridge pier

An assessment of current maximum impact force models for anti-ram bollard systems subjected to truck impact

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