An asynchronous communication scheme for molecular communication

Hsieh, Ya‐Ping; Shih, Po‐Jen; Lee, Yen-Chi; Yeh, Ping-Cheng; Chen, Kwang-Cheng

doi:10.1109/icc.2012.6364963

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Compared to the traditional convolutional codes, the proposed (4, 2, 1) code has the lowest BER in most cases. Notice that both the [5,7] convolutional code and the [133, 171] convolutional code perform worse when the bit duration is shorter than 1500 s. Interestingly, the uncoded version also has lower BER than both convolutional-coded schemes when the bit duration is shorter than 1300 s. This demonstrates a significant difference between the diffusion channels and the traditional wireless channels, and confirms that new channel code designs are required. In addition to the (4, 2, 1) code, here we propose another family of ISI-free codes: minimum type transition code (MTTC).…”

Section: Isi-free Code Designsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Note that the molecules used here for transmission are all of the same kind. For type-based modulation, the transmitter simply uses different types of molecules to encode information [7]. For instance, the transmitter emits a certain number of type-A molecules to denote bit 1 and emits another certain number of type-B molecules to denote bit 0.…”

Section: Channel Characteristics and Signaling Schemesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A new frontier of wireless communication theory: diffusion-based molecular communications

Yeh

Chen

Lee

et al. 2012

IEEE Wireless Commun.

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Diffusion-based molecular communications emerges due to the need for communication and networking among nanomachines, and molecular biological signaling networks. Inspired by the special molecular channel characteristics, we reveal the communication theoretical analogs with and differences from well-known wireless communications, particularly channel coding, intersymbol interference, multiple-input multipleoutput, and new design concepts in this article.

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Section: Isi-free Code Designsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Channel Characteristics and Signaling Schemesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new frontier of wireless communication theory: diffusion-based molecular communications

Yeh

Chen

Lee

et al. 2012

IEEE Wireless Commun.

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“…In diffusion-based molecular communications, several communication schemes, such as by carrying information on the number, the type, the inter-transmission duration of molecules, and the combinations of the above schemes [4], [7], [9], [10], have been proposed. As an early attempt to design and evaluate channel codes for diffusion-based molecular communications, we adopt a simple scheme by assuming that there are only two distinguishable information molecules available, standing for bit 0 and bit 1 respectively, and only one molecule is sent at a fixed transmission interval.…”

Section: B Molecular Communication Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Let F d (·) denote the complementary distribution function (CDF) of f d (·) in (2). For a given S, the crossover probability is [9] …”

Section: A Crossover Probabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Channel codes for mitigating intersymbol interference in diffusion-based molecular communications

Shih

Lee

Yeh

2012

2012 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)

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Molecular communications emerges as a promising scheme for communication between nanoscale devices. In diffusion-based molecular communications, molecules as information symbols are released by transmitters and diffuse in the fluid or air environments to transmit messages. Under the diffusion channel modeled by Brownian motion, information sequences suffer from molecule crossovers, i.e., molecules released at an earlier time may arrive later, causing intersymbol interference (ISI). In this paper, we investigate practical channel codes for combating ISI. An ISI-free coding scheme is proposed to increase the communication reliability while keeping the encoding/decoding complexity reasonably low. We exemplify an ISI-free code and theoretically approximate its bit error rate (BER) performance. In addition, repetition codes are revisited out of the complexity concern and proved to be desirable. The BER approximations of the repetition code family are given as well. Compared with convolutional codes, the proposed ISI-free code and repetition codes offer comparable performance with much lower complexity for diffusion-based molecular communication systems.

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“…1) Transmitter: In molecular communication, the transmitter has many choices of information carrier. For example, we can embed the information in the molecule concentration magnitudes [6], the inter-transmission times [8], the relative transmission times [20], the molecule types [21], or hybrids of each other [7], [8]. After the messages are encoded, the transmitter conveys the messages by simply releasing the encoded molecules into the communication media.…”

Section: A General Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical Foundations for Information Theory in Diffusion-Based Molecular Communications

Hsieh,

Yeh

2013

Preprint

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Molecular communication emerges as a promising communication paradigm for nanotechnology. However, solid mathematical foundations for information-theoretic analysis of molecular communication have not yet been built. In particular, no one has ever proven that the channel coding theorem applies to molecular communication, and no relationship between information rate capacity (maximum mutual information) and code rate capacity (supremum achievable code rate) has been established. In this paper, we focus on a major sub-class of molecular communication -the diffusion-based molecular communication. We provide solid mathematical foundations for information theory in diffusion-based molecular communication by creating a general diffusionbased molecular channel model in measure-theoretic form and prove its channel coding theorems. Various equivalence relationships between statistical and operational definitions of channel capacity are also established, including the most classic information rate capacity and code rate capacity. As byproducts, we have shown that the diffusion-based molecular channel is with "asymptotically decreasing input memory and anticipation" and " d-continuous". Other properties of diffusion-based molecular channel such as stationarity or ergodicity are also proven. Index TermsMolecular communication, diffusion process, diffusion-based molecular system, channel capacity, nanotechnology, d-continuous channel, asymptotically decreasing input memory and anticipation channel, permutation channel, cascade of channels. I. INTRODUCTIONM OLECULAR communication is a recently developed communication paradigm whose communication process involves "transmission and reception of information encoded in molecules" [1]. It is born in the study of nano-scale communication in nanonetworks [1] where the applicability of classical electromagnetic communication is limited by several constraints and a novel solution is called for. Inspired by the biological communication process such as the intra-and inter-cellular communication by cells [2] and the pheromone diffusion by insects [3], the researchers have created various message-carrying molecules and their corresponding receptors. Since the molecules are themselves at the nano-scale, the difficulty of nano-scale communication is solved by building up communication media between the transmitter and the receptor. Moreover, since the major potential application of nanonetworks is implemented in the organisms body (e.g., organ monitoring in human body), the compatibility of the bioinspired communication process makes it a perfect choice to consider the encoding, transmission, and decoding of messages in molecules. Excited by the reasons above (and beyond), the researchers have treated the molecular communication as one of the mainstream subjects of nanotechnology nowadays.Among the various proposed system blue maps for molecular communication, a specific class of system called the "diffusionbased molecular system" draws lots of interest due to the universality of mass transp...

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An asynchronous communication scheme for molecular communication

Cited by 10 publications

References 15 publications

A new frontier of wireless communication theory: diffusion-based molecular communications

A new frontier of wireless communication theory: diffusion-based molecular communications

Channel codes for mitigating intersymbol interference in diffusion-based molecular communications

Mathematical Foundations for Information Theory in Diffusion-Based Molecular Communications

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