An atomic absorption method for the determination of 20 elements in lake sediments after acid digestion

Agemian, Haig; Chau, Alfred S Y

doi:10.1016/s0003-2670(01)84974-6

Cited by 96 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…PSA was determined by the pipet method described by Gee and Bauder (1986). From the viewpoint of total decomposition, a tri-acid digestion method, using a combination of HClO 4 , HNO 3 , and HF described by Agemian and Chau (1975) was followed. A total of 23 representative samples from all locations were considered for single and sequential extraction analysis.…”

Section: Analytical Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of cadmium, zinc, and lead in soils from a lead and zinc mining area as studied by single and sequential extractions

Malik

Banerjee

2010

Environ Monit Assess

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An exploratory study of the area surrounding a historical Pb-Zn mining and smelting area in Zawar, India, detected significant contamination of the terrestrial environment by heavy metals. Soils (n=87) were analyzed for pH, EC, total organic matter (TOM), Pb, Zn, Mn, and Cd levels. The statistical analysis indicated that the frequency distribution of the analyzed parameters for these soils was not normal. The median concentrations of metals in surface soils were: Pb 420.21 μ g/g, Zn 870.25 μ g/g, Mn 696.70 μ g/g, and Cd 2.09 μ g/g. Zn concentrations were significantly correlated with Cd (r=0.867), indicating that levels of Cd are dependent on Zn. However, pH, electrical conductivity and total organic matter were not correlated significantly with Cd, Pb, Zn, and Mn. To assess the potential mobility of Cd, Pb, and Zn in soils, single (EDTA) as well as sequential extraction scheme (modified BCR) were applied to representative (n=23) soil samples. The amount of Cd, Pb, and Zn extracted by EDTA and their total concentrations showed linear positive correlation, which are statistically significant (r values for Cd, Pb, and Zn being 0.901, 0.971, and 0.795, respectively, and P values being <0.001). The correlation coefficients indicate a strong relation between EDTA-extractable metal and total metal. These results appear to justify the use of 'total' metal contents as a useful preliminary indicator of areas where the risks of metal excess or deficiency are high. The EDTA extractability was maximum for Cd followed by Pb and Zn in soils from all the locations. As indicated by single extraction, the apparent mobility and potential bioavailability of metals in soils followed the order: Cd ≥ Pb > > Zn. Soil samples were sequentially extracted (modified BCR) so that solid pools of Cd, Zn, and Pb could be partitioned into four operationally defined fractions viz. acid-soluble, reducible, oxidizable, and residual. Cadmium was present appreciably (39.41%) in the acid-soluble fraction and zinc was predominantly associated (32.42%) with residual fraction. Pb (66.86%) and Zn (30.44%) were present mainly in the reducible fraction. Assuming that the mobility and bioavailability are related to solubility of geochemical forms of metals and decrease in the order of extraction, the apparent mobility and potential metal bioavailability for these contaminated soil samples is Cd > Zn > Pb.

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Section: Analytical Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of cadmium, zinc, and lead in soils from a lead and zinc mining area as studied by single and sequential extractions

Malik

Banerjee

2010

Environ Monit Assess

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“…The sediment samples from all the cores were digested using a 6:4:1 mixture of HNO3, HC104 and HF at 80°C (Agemian and Chau, 1975). Core 2 samples were digested using HNO3 (1M) at 25°C for 72 h with occasional shaking in closed plastic bottles, with a sediment/solution ratio of 3 g to 100 ml.…”

Section: Sampling and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metallic contaminant profiles in sediment cores from Lake Valencia, Venezuela

Bifano

Mogollón

1995

Environ Geochem Health

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Total extractable concentrations of AI, Fe, Mn, Pb, Cu, Zn, Hg and organic carbon (Corg) were determined along four sediment cores from Lake Valencia. In one selected core, the percentage labile fractions were determined in order to establish anthropic enrichment factors, the depth reached by the contaminants and their mobilities. The distribution patterns of concentration versus depth reflect the original concentrations of the settling sediments. Only Mn seems to show diagenetic cycling. No enrichment of Fe and Mn occurs in the upper part of the cores, in spite of good water circulation and aeration of bottom lake waters during five months of the year. This immobility can be attributed to the high pH of water (7.6 - 8.9). Pb, Zn, Cu and Hg are enriched in the upper part of the cores, probably reflecting the input of contaminants. These elements show enrichment factors of up to 3.0. Background concentrations of the studied metals are reached below a depth of 30 cm.

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“…Digestion of soil and sediments by using a triple acid system of fuming nitric acid (4 ml) hydrofluoric acid (2 ml) and perchloric acid. For the analysis of sediment samples, a method outlined by Agemian and Chau (1975) was followed where nitric acid (concentrated), perchloric acid and hydrofluoric acid were used for digestion. Water samples and digested samples of both soil and sediments were analysed in Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS).…”

Section: Identification and Quantificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Metals along Simiyu Wetland of Lake Victoria Basin and its Impact on Agriculture

Henry

Mamboya

2012

J. Wetlands Ecol.

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More than 70% of communities living along Simiyu wetland area are agriculturalists and pastoralists. Physical land degradation and poor nutrient mobility within the soil-plant system have shown a notable impact on agricultural production. Cycling of selected and their impact on agriculture were investigated along Simiyu wetland. Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) of the soil was studied with respect to soluble cations and selected trace metals. To study the longitudinal and spatial distribution of the selected metals along Simiyu wetland, samples (water, sediments and soil) were taken in three stations along the river namely Bariadi Bridge, Simiyu Bridge and the Simiyu River mouth. Sampling of soil was done at different distances from the river so as to study the flow pattern of the metals and hence to explain the direction of cycling. Sampling was done both inn wet and dry seasons to study the seasonal variation of the metals. Geographical Position System was used to locate the sampling points for soil and water/sediment. Metals Chromium (Cr), Lead (Pb), Zinc (Zn), Coper (Cu), Cadmium (Cd) and Manganese (Mn) analyses were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). High levels of Manganese and Zinc were detected in most samples with different distribution behavior between water and sediments that may reflect difference in solubility of metals in water or possible complex formation of the metals resulting to potentially less solubility of metals, hence retarding their bioavailability to plants low cation exchange capacity. Retarded nutrient mobility in clay soils was observed facilitated by the formation of hard pans resulting to less availability of the nutrients to plants. The study suggests some ways in which farmers can improve soil cation exchange capacity and hence improve agricultural productivity.

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An atomic absorption method for the determination of 20 elements in lake sediments after acid digestion

Cited by 96 publications

References 13 publications

Associations of cadmium, zinc, and lead in soils from a lead and zinc mining area as studied by single and sequential extractions

Associations of cadmium, zinc, and lead in soils from a lead and zinc mining area as studied by single and sequential extractions

Metallic contaminant profiles in sediment cores from Lake Valencia, Venezuela

Distribution of Metals along Simiyu Wetland of Lake Victoria Basin and its Impact on Agriculture

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