An attachment theory perspective on religion and spirituality

Granqvist, Pehr; Mikulincer, Mario; Shaver, Phillip R.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-817204-9.00014-7

Cited by 39 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…This parallels findings outside of the Orthodox community as a national poll pf the US taken April 20th–26th, 2020 found that 24% of respondents (34% of religious individuals) reported that their faith had become stronger because of the coronavirus pandemic, and only 2% of respondents (2.7% of religious individuals) reported that their faith was weaker (Pew Research Center 2020 ). In aggregate, these results support the consistent line of findings that religious individuals turn to God when they experience troubling times (Hood et al 2018 ) and the idea that religion proffers the most benefit for mental health under conditions of high distress (Granqvist 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…For example, positive beliefs about the Divine can engender trust in God, which is known to buffer against anxiety and sadness (Rosmarin et al 2009a ), and intrinsic religiosity involving valuing religion in of itself similarly seems to be a psychological support (Baker and Gorsuch 1982 ). Beyond this, religiosity generally involves an affective bond with an omnipresent and omniscient deity and research indicates that this attachment provides salutary effects on mental health (Granqvist 2020 ; Cherniak et al 2020a ; Pirutinsky et al 2019 ). Furthermore, when used in the context of life stressors, religion can be a positive coping resource involving “the use of religious beliefs or behaviors to facilitate problem-solving to prevent or alleviate the negative emotional consequences of stressful life circumstances” (Koenig et al 1998 , p. 513).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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COVID-19, Mental Health, and Religious Coping Among American Orthodox Jews

2020

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The COVID-19 pandemic presents potential mental health challenges, and the American Orthodox Jewish population has been particularly affected by the virus. The current study assessed the impact of the pandemic and explored the relationships between exposure, religiosity, and distress in a sample of n = 419 American Orthodox Jews. Results indicated high levels of exposure, concern, and compliance with medical guidelines; however stress was generally low and we found evidence for positive impact. Direct exposure correlated with higher religiosity. Positive religious coping, intrinsic religiosity and trust in God strongly correlated with less stress and more positive impact, while negative religious coping and mistrust in God correlated with the inverse. While the study is limited by its design, findings highlight that for some, faith may promote resilience especially during crisis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19, Mental Health, and Religious Coping Among American Orthodox Jews

2020

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“…The RSM synthesizes contributions from interpersonal neurobiology and attachment to formulate how spiritual experiences are mediated by relational templates in the limbic brain, with attention to dialectical tensions between spiritual dwelling and seeking arising within this developmental process. Patients may engage with what they consider sacred or ultimate in divergent ways, ranging from anxious vigilance, fear, and avoidance to mindful presence, trust, and surrender, which sensitizes clinicians to how patients’ SERT engagement can be salutary, distressing, or mixed (Davis, Granqvist, & Sharp, 2018; Granqvist, 2020). On the one end of the dialectic, spiritual dwelling captures ways of relating to the sacred that foster security, communal affiliation and intimacy, affect regulation, spiritual grounding, and stabilization.…”

Section: Complexifying Current Understandings Of Spirituality and Rel...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spiritually integrated psychotherapies in real-world clinical practice: Synthesizing the literature to identify best practices and future research directions.

Captari¹,

Sandage²,

Vandiver³

2022

Psychotherapy

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A comprehensive review of the practice-based evidence for spiritually integrated psychotherapy (SIP) is necessary in order to catalyze research and training in this important diversity area. In this article, we identify and synthesize key findings from 35 studies in six key areas: (a) SIPs in trauma treatment, (b) SIPs in treating eating disorders, (c) SIPs in general psychotherapy, (d) existential concerns as part of SIPs, (e) patients and therapist attitudes about SIPs, and (f) SIP supervision and training models. Building on this, we propose a culturally contextual understanding of this diversity area, drawing from the Relational Spirituality Model (RSM). Finally, we discuss best practices for spiritually responsive clinical care and offer a research prospectus to strengthen the evidence base for real-world effectiveness. Clinical Impact Statement Question:In what ways are clients' spirituality, religion, theology, and/or existential concerns relevant in real-world mental health treatment? Findings: Clients' spiritual and religious context have important implications for their symptom alleviation and well-being, and may intersect with other areas of their identity. Meaning: Therapists should consider spirituality as an important diversity area that may be a source of strength or struggle for clients. Next Steps: Ongoing research is needed to understand the nuances of how clients' spirituality is best integrated into psychotherapy with different populations.

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“…In line with this idea, a hierarchical structure of IWMs comprising both specific attachment models of particular relationships and global overarching models for relationships have demonstrated better fit compared to a structure containing only relationship-specific IWMs ( Overall et al, 2003 ). Relatedly, one’s image of non-human entities such as God are coherent with one’s IWM of other people, for example, secure people perceive God as more loving ( Granqvist, 2020 ).…”

Section: Attachment Orientationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attachment in the time of COVID-19: Insecure attachment orientations are associated with defiance of authorities’ guidelines during the pandemic

Brulin

Shaver

Mikulincer

et al. 2022

Journal of Social and Personal Relationships

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Previous research has linked people’s relational attachment orientations to emotional reactions and coping during crises, and to social trust and trust in societal institutions. The COVID-19 pandemic is a global crisis for which collective efforts, such as social distancing, are necessary to stop the spread of the virus. During previous pandemics, people high in trust have typically adhered to such efforts. In the present study, we investigated whether attachment orientations were related to people’s adherence to authorities’ guidelines to stop the spread of COVID-19. We also tested whether previous mediational findings—linking attachment-related avoidance to welfare state trust via social trust—would replicate. We used a web-based survey of 620 participants. Our findings showed that attachment-related anxiety was linked to low adherence to social distancing regulations. This finding was especially noteworthy because high attachment-anxious participants also experienced more negative emotions, yet negative emotions were generally linked to high adherence. Thus, people higher in attachment anxiety seem to have more difficulties in avoiding social situations despite heightened risk of catching and spreading the virus. In addition, attachment-related avoidance was negatively related to adherence and to welfare state trust, and its effects on welfare state trust were statistically mediated by low social trust.

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An attachment theory perspective on religion and spirituality

Cited by 39 publications

References 54 publications

COVID-19, Mental Health, and Religious Coping Among American Orthodox Jews

COVID-19, Mental Health, and Religious Coping Among American Orthodox Jews

Spiritually integrated psychotherapies in real-world clinical practice: Synthesizing the literature to identify best practices and future research directions.

Attachment in the time of COVID-19: Insecure attachment orientations are associated with defiance of authorities’ guidelines during the pandemic

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