An attempt to reconstruct 2700 years of seismicity using deep-sea turbidites offshore eastern Taiwan

Lehu, Rémi; Lallemand, Serge; Ratzov, Gueorgui; Babonneau, Nathalie; Hsu, Shu Kun; Lin, A. T.; Dezileau, Laurent

doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2016.04.030

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Bold lines are the seismic profiles shown in this paper. Yellow dot is the location of the marine core (Lallemand et al, 2016;Lehu et al, 2016). Figure S1 for high-resolution versions of this profile, with seismic facies).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The morphology of the proximal offshore eastern Taiwan reveals a narrow shelf, a steep slope, and several submarine canyons (Figure 3). In addition to thrust belt deformation, there are frequent earthquakes, strong climate effects, and submarine erosional processes (such as slides, slumps, and turbidity currents) that play important roles for shaping the morphology offshore eastern Taiwan (Lallemand et al, 2016; Lehu et al, 2015, 2016).…”

Section: Tectonic and Stratigraphic Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bold lines are the seismic profiles shown in this paper. Yellow dot is the location of the marine core (Lallemand et al, 2016; Lehu et al, 2016).…”

Section: Tectonic and Stratigraphic Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Chimei Submarine Canyon and Fan: A Record of Taiwan Arc‐Continent Collision on the Rapidly Deforming Overriding Plate

et al. 2020

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 Rapidly deforming wedge-top Chimei Canyon/Fan on Philippine Sea plate shows distinctive wide-canyon morphology and rapid fan evolution  Chimei Fan gives 0-2 Ma record of Taiwan arc-continent collision based on seismic stratigraphy and integration with proximal onshore record  The Taiwan-derived depocenter shifted ~1Ma from proximal forearc basin to east of arc due to ~60 km thrust-belt convergence and over filling

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tectonic and Stratigraphic Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Chimei Submarine Canyon and Fan: A Record of Taiwan Arc‐Continent Collision on the Rapidly Deforming Overriding Plate

et al. 2020

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“…Sediment of the slope is transported and progressively suspended with the increase of the flow velocity. It is therefore an excellent site for paleoseismicity purposes (Lehu et al, 2015, submitted to Tectonophysics).…”

Section: Unchannelized Turbidity Currentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep-sea sedimentation offshore eastern Taiwan: Facies and processes characterization

Lehu

Lallemand²,

Hsu

et al. 2015

Marine Geology

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“…Because these turbidites lie at the surface of sediment cores, turbidite tails can be easily identified. Likewise, recently-deposited background sediments can also be robustly identified using 210 Pb activity profiles to establish that sediment has been deposited gradually (Dezileau et al, 2016), and through the use of foraminiferal assemblages to determine if the sediment has been transported from shallower depths, and therefore indicate if the sediment has accumulated in situ (Hayward, Sabaa, & Triggs, 2019). Thus, the Kaikōura turbidite provides a natural experiment to quantitatively examine the properties of turbidite tails, so that they can be compared with the properties of background sediments, to determine what differences there are between these two sediment groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinguishing Turbidite Tails from Background Sedimentation on the Hikurangi Margin and the Implications for Turbidite Paleoseismology

Tickle¹

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The Hikurangi margin is one of the largest sources of seismic and tsunami hazards in New Zealand, but there is still much that remains unknown about previous ruptures on the subduction interface. Turbidite paleoseismology has the potential to increase the spatial density and temporal extent of paleoearthquake records. However, it is heavily reliant on temporal correlation of turbidites, and thus, requires them to be precisely dated. Typically, ages are obtained using radiocarbon dating of pelagic foraminifera from background sediments deposited between turbidites. This dating method requires background sedimentation to be accurately distinguished from the fine-grained tails of turbidites. Along the southern and central Hikurangi Margin, background sedimentation and turbidite tails have proven difficult to distinguish from one another. Here, a quantitative approach is developed to distinguish turbidite tails and background sediments using machine learning. This study utilizes a natural experiment generated by the M W 7.8 Kaikōura earthquake, which caused the deposition of co-seismic turbidites at locations both proximal and distal to active canyon systems. The 2016 turbidite could be recognised due to its stratigraphic position at core tops. Turbidites and background sediments were independently identified using 210 Pb activity profiles to identify gradual accumulation. Additionally, foraminiferal assemblages were used to identify transported material. The physical and geochemical properties of the sediments were then analysed using non-destructive (computed tomography density, magnetic susceptibility, micro X-ray fluorescence derived geochemistry) and destructive (grain size, carbonate content, organic content) techniques, to develop a quantitative definition of turbidite tails and background sediments. The destructive datasets were then compared to the non-destructive data that acts as a proxy for these analyses because the latter are rapidly generated at high resolutions down core and are now routinely acquired in most turbidite paleoseismology studies. It was determined that there was a statistically significant correlation between the destructive data and the non-destructive proxies, such that the non-destructive data could be used as a viable alternative to the time consuming destructive analyses. The machine learning technique, Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), successfully distinguishes background sediment and turbidite tails in areas where they are visually indistinguishable. The LDA model shows that in cores distal from active canyon systems, background sediment and turbidite tails are more distinct than in cores proximal to active canyon systems. Difference between canyon-proximal and distal sites may be due to the impact of weak bottom currents that are inferred to be acting on the background sedimentation processes along this margin. This study shows that quantitative identification of background sediments and turbidite tails is possible, and could allow for more robust identification and dating of turbidites globally, which is of paramount importance for the effective application of turbidite paleoseismology.

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An attempt to reconstruct 2700 years of seismicity using deep-sea turbidites offshore eastern Taiwan

Cited by 14 publications

References 47 publications

The Chimei Submarine Canyon and Fan: A Record of Taiwan Arc‐Continent Collision on the Rapidly Deforming Overriding Plate

The Chimei Submarine Canyon and Fan: A Record of Taiwan Arc‐Continent Collision on the Rapidly Deforming Overriding Plate

Deep-sea sedimentation offshore eastern Taiwan: Facies and processes characterization

Distinguishing Turbidite Tails from Background Sedimentation on the Hikurangi Margin and the Implications for Turbidite Paleoseismology

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