An Atypical Porencephalic Cyst Manifesting as a Simple Partial Seizure: A Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract

Background Porencephaly is an extremely rare neurological disease characterized by the presence of solitary or multiple degenerative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cavities within the brain parenchyma. Case Report We describe a case involving a 23-year-old male who presented with involuntary movements of the left upper limb of 6 months' duration. A diagnosis of porencephaly was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Conclusion The rarity of occurrence and atypical presentation of such a lesion present a challenge to clinicians. Little is known about the pathogenesis and appropriate management of porencephaly. Further studies of the implications of porencephaly for neurodevelopment and behavior are needed.

Post-traumatic cysts detected by ultrasound in infant presented with first-time seizures: Case report

“…They are pseudocysts secondary to infarct or other destructive cerebral lesions [1] . Posttraumatic porencephalic cyst have been reported in multiple adult cases worldwide [ 3 , 6 , 7 ] but only a few cases have been observed in pediatric patients [ 1 , 7 , 8 ]. No singular clinical presentation profile was established, but brain CT was the imaging modality for confirmation in all pediatric cases.…”

Porencephaly and intraparenchymal hyperacute infarct due to bilateral anterior cerebral artery embolism in adult: A rare case

“…Symptoms can emerge impulsively, without any known stimulant. 1 There have been reports of porencephaly with CO poisoning, cognitive dysfunction, psychosis, CMV infection, dermoid cysts, and myesthenia gravis. 4 The clinical features with the size and location of the cysts may vary.…”

“…This is an intracranial cyst that rarely occurs in infants/children especially adults. 1 It is inherited or acquired cyst within the cerebral/cerebellar hemisphere. It contains CSF with thin walls covered by a spongiotic or gliotic white matter which commonly communicates directly with the brain ventricle.…”

Ventriculoperitoneal shunt for giant porencephaly: a case report and literature review

“…Within cranial MRI images, not only can the location of POR abnormalities be precisely identified, but it is also possible to distinguish whether these are cysts filled with cerebrospinal fluid or the formation of partial cavities. The primary manifestation of POR in most patients involves cystic lesions within the brain, which, across all cranial MRI sequences, adhere to the signal characteristics of CSF and demonstrate connectivity with the ventricular system or subarachnoid space (1,8,14). Moreover, in the process of managing epileptic seizures, cognitive function alterations, and other abnormal clinical manifestations caused by POR, specialized examinations such as PET-CT, long-term video EEG monitoring, Wechsler Memory Scale, Wechsler Intelligence Scale, and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment can be utilized.…”