An automated method for the analysis of trabecular bone structure

Aaron, Jean E.; Johnson, David R.; Kanis, John А.; Oakley, Beverley A.; O’Higgins, Paul; Paxton, Stephen

doi:10.1016/0010-4809(92)90031-5

Cited by 35 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…There has also been a great deal of work using various forms of image analysis to directly measure specific and mean properties [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A quantitative technique for comparing synthetic porous hydroxyapatite structures and cancellous bone

O’Kelly

Tancred

McCormack

et al. 1996

J Mater Sci: Mater Med

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There are many different materials currently available for cancellous bone grafting. There is however, very little information relating the morphology of these materials to cancellous bone. Work was undertaken to develop a quantitative method for comparing synthetic hydroxyapatite bone structures with cancellous bone. The bases for comparison were mean plate thickness, mean plate distance, mineral area fraction, mineral volume fraction and plate orientation coupled with mechanical tests. The aim of this work was to develop a protocol for assessing whether these critical parameters which influence the success of bone implants were achieved in the synthetic materials. The methodology is successful in providing quantitative information about the mineral area fraction, the mean plate distance or pore size and the intercept frequency as a function of angle. Combining these three provides a quantitative measure of how much mineral there is and how it is distributed and oriented. The mechanical tests yield strengths and moduli values based on apparent density. The results of the mechanical tests can also be plotted as functions of the more discrete structural features such as those quantified in the image analysis to allow for even more equitable and systematic comparisons of different porous materials.

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“…There has also been a great deal of work using various forms of image analysis to directly measure specific and mean properties [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A quantitative technique for comparing synthetic porous hydroxyapatite structures and cancellous bone

O’Kelly

Tancred

McCormack

et al. 1996

J Mater Sci: Mater Med

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“…Thereafter, skeletal dimorphism evolves with a greater bone mass in adult males than in adult females [35]. Riggs and colleagues [29] have suggested that excessive bone turnover with resorption activity marginally greater than formation is a cause of fragmentation and from the evidence above it seems that the trabecular nodes are especially vulnerable. The findings are consistent with those of Parfitt [25], Malluche et al [36] and Chavassieus and Meunier [37] and a loss of trabecular connectivity in men with idiopathic osteoporosis, over and above the normal age-related Figure 2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In recent years new noninvasive techniques have been widely applied to measuring bone mass or bone mineral density (BMD) with great precision in different skeletal regions [22]. Nevertheless, there is now sufficient evidence to suggest that the complex microarchitecture of cancellous bone is a crucial factor in mechanical strength as well [28,29] and this is not resolved adequately by these gross methods. On this basis the aim of the following article is to compare the microarchitecture of trabecular bone from the iliac crest (the standard bone biopsy site) of normal young men and elderly men with idiopathic osteoporosis using an automated image analysis procedure [30], and to compare the results with those from previous studies using a manual method [26,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The microanatomy of trabecular bone in young normal and osteoporotic elderly males

Shahtaheri

2007

The Aging Male

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Normally there is a gradual continual loss of cortical and trabecular bone in both men and women as they age. Osteopenia and osteoporosis are conditions in which the loss results in brittle bones that fracture easily. Males with low testosterone and hypogonadism are predisposed to osteoporosis and prevention tends to be overshadowed by the greater problem in postmenopausal women. The ability of the skeleton to resist external forces depends partly upon the amount of bone present and partly upon other factors including cancellous bone microarchitecture. This is examined in iliac crest bone biopsies from idiopathic osteoporotic men, mean age 60+/-12 SD years [n=16]. These were compared with a healthy control group (autopsy samples), mean age 30+/-8.9 years [n=28] with the aim of examining the pattern of cancellous atrophy in male idiopathic osteoporosis. Undecalcified specimens were embedded in methylmethacrylate and prepared for histomorphometry. Sections were analysed using an automated trabecular analysis system (TAS), whereby a binary image was created. Area measurements including the trabecular surface and distance measurements including the trabecular width were made. The binary image was thinned to its medial framework and the node and terminus number as indices of trabecular interconnection were recorded, together with the strut length. Results (median (range)) showed a lower percentage bone volume in the elderly osteoporotic male, 10.2% (5.4-23.1) compared to young normals 25.2% (14.6-43.9), p<0.001. The trabeculae tended to be thinner, 95.7 microm (66.7-170.7) c.f. 120.8 microm (75.8-208.6) and considerably fewer in number, 11.1 (2.1-31.4) c.f. 48.3 (25.4-66.9), p<0.001 per field and in particular the number of nodes, 2.1 (0.15-14) c.f. 40.6 (10.3-74.1) per field and the node: terminus ratio fell to 0.13 (0.01-1.19) c.f. controls 0.98 (0.24-6.69), p<0.001. It was concluded that the pattern of cancellous atrophy in male idiopathic osteoporosis differs from normal aging and resembles that in postmenopausal women. Results using the automated TAS confirm previous observations made manually.

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“…Cancellous bone volume was measured and expressed as a percentage of bone volume (BV/TV, %). Trabecular thickness (Tb.Th, µm), number (Tb.N, No./mm) and separation (Tb.Sp, µm) were derived from the measures of bone surface and volume (Parfitt et al, 1983;Aaron et al, 1992). Indexes of trabecular connectivity, including number of trabecular nodes (N.Nd/mm 2 ), number of node-node struts (Nd.Nd/mm 2 ), number of trabecular termini (N.Tm/mm 2 ), number of node-termini struts (Nd.Tm/mm 2 ), and the ratio of N.Nd to N.Tm (N.Nd/N.Tm) were counted.…”

Section: Bone Histomorphometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventive and Therapeutic Effects of Acupuncture on Bone Mass in Osteopenic Ovariectomized Rats

et al. 2004

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This study was designed to (1) test the preventive and therapeutic effects of acupuncture on osteopenia in ovariectomized (OVX) rats, and (2) assess whether treatment of different acupuncture points causes different effects on tibiae, femora or lumbar spines. Thirty-five female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: Sham (sham-operated, non-acupuncture); Model (OVX, non-acupuncture); Acp-A [OVX, bilateral needling of points Tsu-San-Li (ST-36) and San-Yin- Chiao (SP-6)]; and Acp-B (OVX, bilateral needling of P'i-Shu (Bl-20) and Shen Shu (Bl-23)). Operations were performed at 8 weeks of age, 1 week later the study was started and continued for 16 weeks. Ovariectomy resulted in decreased bone mineral density (BMD) compared to the sham group over time, and Acp-A tended to have higher BMD than the other OVX groups, especially for tibiae. In addition, the bone ash weight of the Acp groups tended to be heavier than the model group. Deoxypyridinoline, the urinary marker of bone resorption, also appeared to be decreased in both acupuncture groups. Similarly, microarchitecture and bone morphometry of lumbar vertebrae and tibiae, such as bone volume, trabecular thickness, trabecular number, mineralizing surface, bone formation rate, mineral apposition rate, number of nodes and number of node-terminus struts, also showed the same improvement in the acupuncture groups as compared to the model control group. Our findings showed that acupuncture may prevent the development of osteopenia in rats induced by ovariectomy. Needling of Tsu-San-Li (ST-36) and San-Yin- Chiao (SP-6) seems more effective than needling of P'i-Shu (Bl-20) and Shen Shu (Bl-23) in bone anabolic regulation.

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An automated method for the analysis of trabecular bone structure

Cited by 35 publications

References 20 publications

A quantitative technique for comparing synthetic porous hydroxyapatite structures and cancellous bone

A quantitative technique for comparing synthetic porous hydroxyapatite structures and cancellous bone

The microanatomy of trabecular bone in young normal and osteoporotic elderly males

Preventive and Therapeutic Effects of Acupuncture on Bone Mass in Osteopenic Ovariectomized Rats

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