An automatic scoring system for air pistol shooting competition based on image recognition of target sheets

Lin, Yuan-Chi; Miaou, Shaou-Gang; Lin, Ying-Cheng; Chen, Shih-Lun

doi:10.1109/icce-tw.2015.7216821

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In accordance with previous studies that confirmed the validity of position and image recognition‐based shot‐identification systems, the results of this study show high‐reliability values for TargetScan ISSF Pistol & Rifle. Indeed, our results are similar to other studies which showed a 99% shot‐identification success rate and very low measurement deviation error values of .1 Thus, the reliability indices we obtained in this study are comparable to other laser measurement systems already validated by the ISSF which have estimated shot‐identification success rate values of 94% to 100%, depending on the lighting conditions …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Although the ISSF has not yet recognized the validity of any mobile scoring applications and some studies suggest the importance of collecting data in real competition situations, the use of automatic shooting scoring systems based on target‐sheet image recognition has been proposed as a usable system. For example, Lin, Miaou, Lin, Chen validated this technology for pistol shooting without specifying the use of a specific application. Other studies propose using automatic classification systems based on target detection, hole detection, and hole analysis process phases, and these studies have produced similar results to human scoring and other artificial measurement mechanisms .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the availability of these technologies, many countries and sports clubs cannot afford the high economic cost of the different measuring devices available for Olympic shooting, and so they still manually record shooting scores . Thus, the availability of a low‐cost mobile application for automatically measuring shooting scores without manual intervention would be very useful.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validity and reliability of the TargetScan ISSF Pistol & Rifle application for measuring shooting performance

Mon‐López

Tejero-González

2019

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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Several technologies, with varying economic costs, are used to measure the performance of Olympic sport shooters, including electronic targets, laser systems, and mobile phone applications. Nevertheless, the International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF) does not currently accept any mobile applications as valid measurement systems. The objective of the study was to check the validity and reliability of the TargetScan ISSF Pistol & Rifle application, an automatic mobile application for measuring the performance of shooters via image analysis. A total of 1440 shots were fired by 24 shooters (720 shots each for the air rifle and air pistol events), and the target sheets were analyzed with the application installed on an iPhone X. The official competition results and the measurements from the application were then compared. The results showed an almost perfect reliability for air pistol shots (ICC = .999) and no significant differences between the official average scores and those measured by the application. The reliability was also high for air rifle shots (ICC = .998), but the average scores registered by the application were statistically lower than the official results. We concluded that TargetScan ISSF Pistol & Rifle is a low‐cost, valid, and reliable application for measuring amateur and semi‐professional shooting performance which may be useful to shooters, coaches, clubs, and federations worldwide.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Validity and reliability of the TargetScan ISSF Pistol & Rifle application for measuring shooting performance

Mon‐López

Tejero-González

2019

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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“…Consequently, a bullet hole of P wi (x wi , y wi , z wi ) leaves on the wood plate. Though relevant image processing methods [4,22], we can obtain the exact location of bullet holes, which is considered as the reference values in theory. Correspondingly, the measurement system can also obtain the impact points of the bullets on the target plate.…”

Section: Traditional Calibration Methodmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, some environmental factors (i.e. temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, weather, etc) and other interference factors (mainly, electromagnetic interference and various noises) bring about the random error of the system, which obviously cannot be eliminated but diminished provided that strictly obeying relevant standards [22,23]. In the paper, our purpose is to eliminate the systematic error using an effective calibration method.…”

Section: Measurement Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy calibration of the multi-light screen measurement system using array optical signal

Chen,

Deng,

Yang

et al. 2024

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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The multi-light screen measurement systems must be calibrated before being come into use, and a calibration method using live-fire practice is generally adopted. However, this method has many shortcomings, such as high cost, high risk and poor efficiency. To effectively improve the measurement accuracy of a multi-light screen measurement system, we propose a calibration method based on array optical signal in the paper. According to the measurement principle of the system, the proposed calibration theory is systematically described. The aim is to map the given measurement results in the form of vector into the specified time sequence. Furthermore, we develop a calibration platform whose core components are an arbitrary waveform generator and a tunable laser, and thus it can generate a set of six optical signals with an exact sequential relationship. After receiving the optical signals, some measurement results with errors are obtained by the system. Many calibration operations are performed to obtain the systematic errors, which are the statistical average of the deviation between the given measurement results and those with errors. Finally, we use the proposed calibration method combined with the error tensor and the traditional one to carry out comparison experiments. The results show that the proposed calibration method is superior to the traditional method in terms of comprehensive performance. In addition, the proposed calibration method relative to the traditional ones has some advantages, such as high efficiency, safety and low cost.

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Automatic Shooting Scoring System Based on Image Processing

Widayaka

Kusuma

Attamimi

2019

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Today, many shooting venue that held shooting training used conventional methods to accumulate shooting scores. These conventional methods for shooting training will need more time and resources to do such a task. These paper describes an automatic shooting scoring system based on image processing for live shooting session. A camera is mounted in front of shooting target frame to capture every single shoot image. We use several image processing algorithms such as target ring detection, perspective transform, image subtraction, as well as morphological image processing. Contour detection method is used to perform a perspective transform, obtaining circle diameter and center circle position by using bounding box function by extracting detected contour and bullet hole position. Our experimental results, show that the accuracy of our method is 91%, based on the experiment by using a tiny circle sticker with a diameter of 7.62mm to simulate as a bullet hole image. We use 10 target sheets which there are 10 bullet hole images using circle sticker in each captured target sheet image.

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An automatic scoring system for air pistol shooting competition based on image recognition of target sheets

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Validity and reliability of the TargetScan ISSF Pistol & Rifle application for measuring shooting performance

Validity and reliability of the TargetScan ISSF Pistol & Rifle application for measuring shooting performance

Accuracy calibration of the multi-light screen measurement system using array optical signal

Automatic Shooting Scoring System Based on Image Processing

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