An autonomous debating system

Slonim, Noam; Bilu, Yonatan; Alzate, Carlos; Bar-Haim, Roy; Bogin, Ben; Bonin, Francesca; Choshen, Leshem; Cohen-Karlik, Edo; Dankin, Lena; Edelstein, Lilach; Ein-Dor, Liat; Friedman-Melamed, Roni; Gavron, Assaf; Gera, Ariel; Gleize, Martin; Gretz, Shai; Gutfreund, Dan; Halfon, Alon; Hershcovich, Daniel; Hoory, Ron; Hou, Yufang; Hummel, Shay; Jacovi, Michal; Jochim, Charles; Kantor, Yoav; Katz, Yoav; Konopnicki, David; Kons, Zvi; Kotlerman, Lili; Krieger, Dalia; Lahav, Dan; Lavee, Tamar; Levy, Ran; Liberman, Naftali; Mass, Yosi; Menczel, Amir; Mirkin, Shachar; Moshkowich, Guy; Ofek-Koifman, Shila; Orbach, Matan; Rabinovich, Ella; Rinott, Ruty; Shechtman, Slava; Sheinwald, Dafna; Shnarch, Eyal; Shnayderman, Ilya; Soffer, Aya; Spector, Artem; Sznajder, Benjamin; Toledo, Assaf; Toledo-Ronen, Orith; Venezian, Elad; Aharonov, Ranit

doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03215-w

Cited by 174 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Such predictions can be a basis for the search for in-depth molecular relationships and functions. Furthermore, recent success in the Ramanujan Machine 36 in mathematics and the project Debater 37 in adversarial reasoning augmented possible approach that can be incorporated in the hypothesis generation process. Qualitative physics offers the opportunity to generate, match, and explain physical and mathematical concepts such as bifurcation and phase transition 38,39 .…”

Section: Experimental Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is possible that reasoning presented in publications are insufficient to justify hypothesis, and detailed justification may need to be regenerated or argument against the claim to be created to make knowledge set complete. Recent progress in computational debate may be a first step to implement mechanisms to generate such argumentations 37,56,57 . The argumentation module shall generate argumentation to support or falsify existing hypothesis thereby justification can be strengthened through additional experiments and reasoning.…”

Section: The Multiverse Of Knowledge In Scientific Discoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nobel Turing Challenge: creating the engine for scientific discovery

Kitano

2021

npj Syst Biol Appl

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Scientific discovery has long been one of the central driving forces in our civilization. It uncovered the principles of the world we live in, and enabled us to invent new technologies reshaping our society, cure diseases, explore unknown new frontiers, and hopefully lead us to build a sustainable society. Accelerating the speed of scientific discovery is therefore one of the most important endeavors. This requires an in-depth understanding of not only the subject areas but also the nature of scientific discoveries themselves. In other words, the “science of science” needs to be established, and has to be implemented using artificial intelligence (AI) systems to be practically executable. At the same time, what may be implemented by “AI Scientists” may not resemble the scientific process conducted by human scientist. It may be an alternative form of science that will break the limitation of current scientific practice largely hampered by human cognitive limitation and sociological constraints. It could give rise to a human-AI hybrid form of science that shall bring systems biology and other sciences into the next stage. The Nobel Turing Challenge aims to develop a highly autonomous AI system that can perform top-level science, indistinguishable from the quality of that performed by the best human scientists, where some of the discoveries may be worthy of Nobel Prize level recognition and beyond.

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Section: Experimental Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Multiverse Of Knowledge In Scientific Discoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nobel Turing Challenge: creating the engine for scientific discovery

Kitano

2021

npj Syst Biol Appl

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“…Project Debater configures its reasoning with data mining through supervised learning algorithms that analyse countless documents from legal and academic databases such as LexisNexis. The system collects well-structured arguments from these databases and extracts key phrases such as evidence for or against an assertion in order to construct its own argument (Slonim et al, 2021 ). Recently, the quality of the evidence that the system finds has improved considerably thanks to the adoption of BERT, the neural network for processing natural language created by Google.…”

Section: Socrai the Socratic Assistantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why a Virtual Assistant for Moral Enhancement When We Could have a Socrates?

Lara

2021

Sci Eng Ethics

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Can Artificial Intelligence (AI) be more effective than human instruction for the moral enhancement of people? The author argues that it only would be if the use of this technology were aimed at increasing the individual's capacity to reflectively decide for themselves, rather than at directly influencing behaviour. To support this, it is shown how a disregard for personal autonomy, in particular, invalidates the main proposals for applying new technologies, both biomedical and AI-based, to moral enhancement. As an alternative to these proposals, this article proposes a virtual assistant that, through dialogue, neutrality and virtual reality technologies, can teach users to make better moral decisions on their own. The author concludes that, as long as certain precautions are taken in its design, such an assistant could do this better than a human instructor adopting the same educational methodology.

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“…The first evidence that language technology will be able to acquire the ability to interpret and produce implied meanings (i.e., manipulate language pragmatics) has just been published [12]. Recently, a fully autonomous debating system has been developed [16]. In this section, we provide an outlook for researchers and designers working on conversational agents to consider.…”

Section: The Road Aheadmentioning

confidence: 99%