2017
DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2016.11.056
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An Early-Branching Freshwater Cyanobacterium at the Origin of Plastids

Abstract: Photosynthesis evolved in eukaryotes by the endosymbiosis of a cyanobacterium, the future plastid, within a heterotrophic host. This primary endosymbiosis occurred in the ancestor of Archaeplastida, a eukaryotic supergroup that includes glaucophytes, red algae, green algae, and land plants [1-4]. However, although the endosymbiotic origin of plastids from a single cyanobacterial ancestor is firmly established, the nature of that ancestor remains controversial: plastids have been proposed to derive from either … Show more

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Cited by 249 publications
(227 citation statements)
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“…There are two major groups of heterocyst-forming cyanobacteria, those in which cell division always takes place perpendicular to the long axis of the filament (Section IV cyanobacteria or Nostocales) and those in which cell division can take place also in a different angle producing branched filaments (Section V cyanobacteria or Stigonematales) (Rippka et al, 1979;Castenholz, 2001). The existence of these two groups of heterocyst-forming cyanobacteria is supported by phylogenetic analysis (Shih et al, 2013;Schirrmeister et al, 2015;Mareš, 2017;Ponce-Toledo et al, 2017). The heterocyst-forming strains for which most physiological and molecular information is available belong to the genera Anabaena and Nostoc, which are included in Section IV and in some taxonomic classifications are distinguished by the ability to form hormogonia (small motile filaments frequently made of small cells) in Nostoc spp.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…There are two major groups of heterocyst-forming cyanobacteria, those in which cell division always takes place perpendicular to the long axis of the filament (Section IV cyanobacteria or Nostocales) and those in which cell division can take place also in a different angle producing branched filaments (Section V cyanobacteria or Stigonematales) (Rippka et al, 1979;Castenholz, 2001). The existence of these two groups of heterocyst-forming cyanobacteria is supported by phylogenetic analysis (Shih et al, 2013;Schirrmeister et al, 2015;Mareš, 2017;Ponce-Toledo et al, 2017). The heterocyst-forming strains for which most physiological and molecular information is available belong to the genera Anabaena and Nostoc, which are included in Section IV and in some taxonomic classifications are distinguished by the ability to form hormogonia (small motile filaments frequently made of small cells) in Nostoc spp.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…Oxygenic photosynthesis in eukaryotes appeared > 1 billion years ago (Eme et al, 2014) via the endosymbiosis of a close relative of the deep-branching cyanobacterium Gloeomargarita lithophora within a phagotrophic eukaryotic host (Ponce-Toledo et al, 2017). Subsequently, the cyanobacterium evolved into a permanent photosynthetic organelle called primary plastid.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This ACC formation capability is a synapomorphy at least in some cyanobacterial groups and may have appeared several hundred million years ago (Benzerara et al., ). Interestingly, Gloeomargarita lithophora, which forms intracellular ACC, is the closest modern relative of plastid and bears information on the evolution of photosynthesis in eukaryotes by endosymbiosis of a cyanobacterium sometimes during the Proterozoic (Ponce‐Toledo et al., ). Yet, the formation of intracellular ACC in these cyanobacteria is surprising.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%