An early Holocene reef in the western Atlantic: submersible investigations of a deep relict reef off the west coast of Barbados, W.I.

Macintyre, Ian G.; Rützler, Klaus; Norris, James N.; Smith, K. P.; Cairns, Stephen D.; Bucher, Katina E.; Steneck, Robert S.

doi:10.1007/bf00572177

Cited by 55 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…9 in Ballantine and Norris (1989 This alga is extremely common in shallow-water coral reef environments throughout the Caribbean. It is also very common in deepwater turf communities and was previously reported to a depth of 61 m in the Bahamas by Ballantine and Aponte (2003) and to 74 m by Macintyre et al (1991) Dictyota ciliolata was reported by Taylor (1960) to generally be an alga of shallow water, ranging to 24 m depth, but was reported to 50 m by Schneider (1976). Suárez et al (2015) reported that D ciliolata is known to a depth of 55 m; however, the depth is reported without citation or location.…”

Section: *Hymenoclonium Serpens (P Crouan Et H Crouan) Battersmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Mesophotic, Coral Reef-Associated, Marine Algal Flora of Puerto Rico, Caribbean Sea

Ballantine¹,

Torres²,

Aponte³

2016

Smithsonian Contributions to Botany

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s m i t h s o n i a n c o n t r i b u t i o n s t o b o t a n y • n u m b e r 1 0 5 Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press Smithsonian Institution Scholarly PressThe Mesophotic, Coral Reef-Associated, Marine Algal Flora of Puerto Rico, Caribbean Sea David L. Ballantine, Hector Ruiz Torres, and Nilda E. Aponte SERIES PUBLICATIONS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTIONEmphasis upon publication as a means of "diffusing knowledge" was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian. In his formal plan for the Institution, Joseph Henry outlined a program that included the following statement: "It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge." This theme of basic research has been adhered to through the years by thousands of titles issued in series publications under the Smithsonian imprint, commencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series: s m i t h s o n i a n c o n t r i b u t i o n s t o b o t a n y • n u m b e r 1 0 5The Cover images, from left to right: Edge of insular shelf, offshore from La Parguera; technical divers' descent to the mesophotic; bottom habit, edge of insular shelf, "Weinberg," offshore from La Parguera. Published by SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION SCHOLARLY PRESS

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Section: *Hymenoclonium Serpens (P Crouan Et H Crouan) Battersmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Mesophotic, Coral Reef-Associated, Marine Algal Flora of Puerto Rico, Caribbean Sea

Ballantine¹,

Torres²,

Aponte³

2016

Smithsonian Contributions to Botany

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“…These form 3 groups based on their present-day depth interval: 1) from 135 to 80 m (Caribbean: Macintyre, 1967;Macintyre et al, 1991;West of India: Vora et al, 1996;Hawai'i: Fletcher and Sherman, 1995;Webster et al, 2004;Marquesas: Rougerie et al, 1992); 2) from 50 to 45 m (Great Barrier Reef of Australia: Harris and Davies, 1989); and 3) from 30 to 5 m (Caribbean: Adey et al, 1977;Lighty et al, 1978;Macintyre, 1988;Toscano and Lundberg, 1998;Blanchon et al, 2002). Few of these features have been dated or petrographically examined, but authors have regarded them as reef relicts formed during the last deglaciation.…”

Section: Reconstruction Of Reef Growth History Since the Last Deglacimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Drowned reefs were dated in Barbados (Fairbanks, 1989) and Hawai'i (Webster et al, 2004(Webster et al, , 2006. But in many areas, submerged reefs have only been located and observed but not dated as in the Pacific Ocean (Rougerie et al, 1992;Beaman et al, 2008), the Indian Ocean (Wagle et al, 1994;Vora et al, 1996) and the Caribbean Sea (Adey et al, 1977;Macintyre et al, 1991). Many of these reefs were interpreted to be the consequence of abrupt changes in sea-level during the last deglacial sea-level rise, reported as brief periods of accelerated ice cap melting that would have been accompanied by rapid jumps in sea-level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Successive reef depositional events along the Marquesas foreslopes (French Polynesia) since 26 ka

Cabioch

Montaggioni²,

Frank

et al. 2008

Marine Geology

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“…Recent studies of Indo-Pacific MCEs from Hawaii (Kahng and Kelley 2007) and American Samoa (Bare et al 2010) using remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) show that MCEs provide important habitat for a large variety of species. While MCEs host many shallow-water species, they also contain a high number of depth-endemic species of fishes and invertebrates (Thresher and Colin 1986;Macintyre et al 1991;Pyle et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topography, substratum and benthic macrofaunal relationships on a tropical mesophotic shelf margin, central Great Barrier Reef, Australia

et al. 2010

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Habitats and ecological communities occurring in the mesophotic region of the central Great Barrier Reef (GBR), Australia, were investigated using Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) from 51 to 145 m. High-resolution multibeam bathymetry of the outer-shelf at Hydrographers Passage in the central GBR revealed drowned or submerged linear reefs with tops at 50, 55, 80, 90, 100 and 130 m separated by flat, sandy inter-reefal areas punctuated by limestone pinnacles. Cluster analysis of AUV images yielded five distinct site groups based on their benthic macrofauna, with rugosity and the presence of limestone reef identified as the most significant abiotic factors explaining the distribution of macrofaunal communities. Reef-associated macrofaunal communities occurred in three distinct zones: (1) a shallow (< 60 m) community dominated by photosynthetic taxa, notably scleractinian corals, zooxanthellate octocorals and photosynthetic sponges; (2) a transitional community (60 to 75 m) comprising both zooxanthellate taxa and azooxanthellate taxa (notably gorgonians and antipatharians); and (3) an entirely azooxanthellate community (> 75 m). The effects of depth and microhabitat topography on irradiance most likely play a critical role in controlling vertical zonation on reef substrates. The lower depth limits of zooxanthellate corals are significantly shallower than that observed in many other mesophotic coral ecosystems. This may be a result of resuspension of sediments from the sand sheets by strong currents, and/or a consequence of cold water upwelling.Keywords: mesophotic, community structure, vertical zonation, AUV, Great Barrier Reef. IntroductionMesophotic Coral Ecosystems (MCEs) are deep-fore-reef communities that generally occur from ~30 m to the bottom of the photic zone (Lesser et al. 2009;Kahng et al. 2010). They have been recorded in many locations throughout the tropics, including the Caribbean (e.g., Fricke and Meischner 1985), Enewetak (Colin 1986;Colin et al. 1986 Scoffin and Tudhope (1985) noted that rock outcrops at 70 m in the central GBR were colonised by "conspicuous alcyonarians, sponges, soft and stony corals". Given these previous observations, and the evidence for widespread occurrence of MCEs in the Indo-Pacific, it is likely that the submerged reefs of the GBR could also provide habitat for extensive and diverse mesophotic communities. The aims of this study were therefore (1) to quantitatively describe the topography and substrates of a mesophotic reef habitat in the central GBR; (2) identify the benthic macrofaunal taxa and communities utilising those substrates; and (3) investigate the effect of abiotic variables on the distribution of benthic macrofauna.

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An early Holocene reef in the western Atlantic: submersible investigations of a deep relict reef off the west coast of Barbados, W.I.

Cited by 55 publications

References 16 publications

The Mesophotic, Coral Reef-Associated, Marine Algal Flora of Puerto Rico, Caribbean Sea

The Mesophotic, Coral Reef-Associated, Marine Algal Flora of Puerto Rico, Caribbean Sea

Successive reef depositional events along the Marquesas foreslopes (French Polynesia) since 26 ka

Topography, substratum and benthic macrofaunal relationships on a tropical mesophotic shelf margin, central Great Barrier Reef, Australia

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