An Early-Killed Rye (<i>Secale cereale</i>) Cover Crop Has Potential for Weed Management in Edamame (<i>Glycine max</i>)

Crawford, Laura; Williams, Martin M.; Wortman, Sam E.

doi:10.1017/wsc.2018.5

Cited by 8 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Early-terminated rye did not reduce hand-weeding time compared with SSB. Consistent with Crawford et al (2018), ETR can be used in edamame as a component of IWM without compromising crop yield.…”

Section: Response Of Processing Legume Vegetable Crops To Early-terminated Ryementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, lima bean yield in ETR was reduced by 52% compared with SSB (Table 5). Crawford et al (2018) suggested that cover crop residues would not be a viable management tactic if crop emergence is compromised, which appears to hold true for lima bean.…”

Section: Response Of Processing Legume Vegetable Crops To Early-terminated Ryementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A major question to be addressed is whether earlyterminated rye (ETR) can suppress weeds without compromising crop establishment. Crawford et al (2018) demonstrated the potential of ETR use in edamame, as evidenced by weed growth suppression of 85% compared with a stale seedbed (SSB). The authors also reported minimal interference of ETR with planting or establishment of the crop.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of cereal rye ( Secale cereale L.) as a cover crop alone or in combination with various herbicide programs, tillage systems, or crop rotations has been long studied for weed management (Clark, 2007; Mirsky et al., 2013) in grain‐type soybean and bean crops (Boydston & Williams, 2016; Hill, Renner, Sprague, & Davis, 2016; Liebl, Simmons, Wax, & Stoller, 1992; Reddy, 2001; Skarphol, Corey, & Meisinger, 1987). Weed emergence and biomass suppression (Crawford, Williams, & Wortman, 2018; Reddy et al., 2001), reduction of herbicide resistant weed selection (Dorn, Jossi, & van der Heijden, 2015), and soil moisture conservation (Munawar, Blevins, Frye, & Saul, 1990) or soil erosion control (Moyer & Blackshaw, 2009) are benefits of cereal rye inclusion in a cropping system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrated weed management strategies with cereal rye mulch in processing vegetable legumes

et al. 2020

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Little is known about the potential benefits of cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) in combination with various weed management tactics in processing vegetable legume crops such as edamame, lima bean, and snap bean. Field experiments were conducted over 3 yr to determine the extent to which early-terminated rye (ETR) and integrated weed management (IWM) tactics, including pre-and post-emergence herbicides with (augmented) or without (standard) hand weeding, suppress weed density and biomass. Possible drawbacks on crop establishment and yield were also investigated. Early-terminated rye (cereal rye terminated 4 wk before vegetable crops planting; i.e., Feekes growth stage 8.00 to 9.00) reduced total weed biomass 53 and 73% compared with stale seedbed (SSB) in edamame and snap bean, respectively. In contrast, total weed density and biomass were increased by 67 and 39%, respectively, in lima bean under ETR compared with SSB treatment. Early-terminated rye did not influence edamame establishment or yield; however, snap and lima beans had reduced yield. Soil nitrate-nitrogen 4 wk after planting was negatively correlated with soil moisture in all vegetable legume crops tested. The application of pre-and post-emergence herbicides, particularly when followed by hand weeding, reduced weed density and biomass and improved yield in all crops, except snap bean, compared with weedy plots. Results show that ETR can serve as an important component of IWM in edamame.

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Section: Response Of Processing Legume Vegetable Crops To Early-terminated Ryementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Response Of Processing Legume Vegetable Crops To Early-terminated Ryementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrated weed management strategies with cereal rye mulch in processing vegetable legumes

et al. 2020

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“…rganic weed management of vegetable crops typically includes a combination of crop rotation, tillage, hand weeding, mowing, and mulching with plastic films (Baker and Mohler, 2015;Kasirajan and Ngouajio, 2012;Wang et al, 2008). However, considerable research has been performed to develop new weed control tactics for organic growers, including flame weeding (Melander et al, 2005), laser weeding (Mathiassen et al, 2006), steam and hot water or oil treatments (Kristoffersen et al, 2008;Zhang et al, 2012), electric current treatments (Sahin and Yalınkılıc, 2017), abrasive weeding (Wortman, 2014), biobased herbicides (Baker and Mohler, 2015), cover crop mulching (Crawford et al, 2018), and biobased and biodegradable mulches (Kasirajan andNgouajio,2012).Theefficacyofeach method varies with soil conditions, weather, crop type, growth stage, and weed species present. As a result, successful ecological weed management on a given farm often requires a diverse and adaptive suite of tactics (Liebman et al, 1997).…”

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confidence: 99%

Abrasive Weeding as a Vehicle for Precision Fertilizer Management in Organic Vegetable Production

Luong

Forcella

Clay

et al. 2021

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Abrasive weeding is a nonchemical weed control tactic that uses small, gritty materials propelled with compressed air to destroy weed seedlings. Organic fertilizers have been used successfully as abrasive grits to control weeds, but the goal for this study was to explore the effects of fertilizer grit, application rates, and background soil fertility on weeds, plant available nitrogen (N) uptake, and crop yield. Field trials were conducted in organic ‘Carmen’ sweet red pepper (Capsicum annuum) and organic ‘Gypsy’ broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) and treatments included organic fertilizer grit (8N–0.9P–3.3K vs. 3N–3.1P–3.3K), grit application rates (low vs. high), compost amendments (with and without), and weedy and weed-free controls. Weed biomass was harvested at 84 days and 65 days after transplanting for pepper and broccoli, respectively. Simulated total plant available N (nitrate + ammonium) uptake was measured with ion exchange resin stakes between 7 and 49 days after the first of two grit applications. Produce was harvested at maturity, graded for marketability, and weighed. The higher grit application rate, regardless of fertilizer type, reduced the weed biomass by 75% to 89% for pepper and by 86% to 99% for broccoli. By 5 weeks after the first grit application, simulated plant N uptake was greatest following grit application with the 8% N fertilizer, followed by the 3% N fertilizer, and lowest in the weedy control. The high grit application rate of 8% N fertilizer increased pepper yield by 112% compared with the weedy control, but it was similar to that of the weed-free control. Broccoli was less responsive to abrasive grits, with yield changes ranging from no difference to up to a 36% increase (relative to the weedy control) depending on the application rate and compost amendment. This is the first evidence indicating that the nutrient composition of organic fertilizer abrasive grits can influence in-season soil N dynamics, weed competition, and crop yield. The results suggest that abrasive weeding technology could be leveraged to improve the precision of in-season fertilizer management of organic crops.

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Cover crops affect soybean yield components, but not grain quality

et al. 2022

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Cover cropping is mainly used to prevent soil erosion, but the effects of individual cover crops on the subsequent soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] are hardly known.Therefore, two annual field trials with 15 cover crop species and bare fallow as control were conducted in semi-arid East Austria in 2016 and 2017. Cover crops were sown in July in 3-× 10-m plots in a randomized block design with three replicates and were incorporated in mid-April before soybean were seeded. Cover crop biomass differed between plant species and year (2016, 626 ± 390; 2017, 84 ± 86.1 g m −2 ). Aboveground cover crop biomass did not affect soybean establishment, but single cover crop species such as ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam. var. westerwoldicum Wittm.), kidney vetch (Anthyllis vulneraria L.), and corn cockle (Agrostemma githago L.) impeded soybean seeding due to high root densities and prevented germination or fostered outbreak of two-spotted spider mites (Tetranychus urticae Koch). These three cover crops reduced soybean grain yield by 12-84%. Grain yield was a function of grain density m −2 in a three-way interaction with year and cover crop treatment, but not by plant or pod density. Protein, oil, and sucrose content of soybean were unaffected by cover crop treatments. Overall, with the exception of ryegrass, kidney vetch, and corn cockle, cover crops can be grown ahead of soybean without any yield loss and can be used for their versatile ecosystem services.

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An Early-Killed Rye (Secale cereale) Cover Crop Has Potential for Weed Management in Edamame (Glycine max)

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Integrated weed management strategies with cereal rye mulch in processing vegetable legumes

Integrated weed management strategies with cereal rye mulch in processing vegetable legumes

Abrasive Weeding as a Vehicle for Precision Fertilizer Management in Organic Vegetable Production

Cover crops affect soybean yield components, but not grain quality

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