An Early Saxon Settlement within the Romano-British Small Town at Heybridge, Essex

Drury, P. J.; Wickenden, Nicholas; Harden, D. B.; Luff, Rosemary Margaret; Mainman, Ailsa; Reece, Richard

doi:10.1080/00766097.1982.11735436

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…For the Blackwater/Chelmer, examples are Heybridge (Drury and Wickenden 1982) and Springfield Lyons (Tyler and Major 2005). 104 COLEM:1905COLEM: .1009COLEM:1947.328 photographs;Borough of Colchester 1947/48, 28, Plate IX, nos 1-3.…”

Section: Acknowledgementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

St Peter-On-The-Wall

2023

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List of figurEs vii List of figures 0.1 Aerial view of Bradwell Bay Airfield. 0.2 The former flower meadow. 0.3 Pilgrims approaching the chapel in the mid-1950s. 0.4 The Chapel, 2022, by Nabil Ali. 1.1 The chapel from the south-west. 1.2 Plan of the Roman fort and St Peter's Chapel as revealed by the nineteenth-century excavations. 1.3 Plan of Bradwell based on a map of 1583. 1.4 Plan of St Peter's Chapel. 1.5 Plan of the church at Reculver as originally built. 1.6 Elevation of the east wall seen from outside, showing the original masonry only, and reconstructing the two arches of the screen. 1.7 Fragment of plaster with red paint probably of thirteenth-century date (arrowed) in the soffit of a probable blocked window arch in the north-east corner of the nave. 1.8 Interior of the chapel, showing the blocked screen wall and the butt purlin roof.

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Section: Acknowledgementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

St Peter-On-The-Wall

2023

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“…269 (13) Hadleigh, 124 High Street (TQ 8097 8696): evaluation revealed extensive truncation of archaeological deposits but residual Roman finds were recovered, suggesting contemporary activity in the immediate vicinity. 270 (14) Heybridge, 39-45 Crescent Road (TL 8494 0827): evaluation adjacent to the site of the major excavation at Elms Farm 271 and close to Drury's 1972 excavation 272 revealed several features, amongst which was a large ditch that may be a continuation of the wood-lined late Roman ditch excavated at Elms Farm. 273 (15) Kelvedon, Lances, Church Street (TL 8569 1852): excavation close to the site of a Roman cemetery in the vicinity of the church found only residual Roman pottery, suggesting that the site lies outside the main area of settlement and the limits of the cemetery.…”

Section: Essexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roman Britain in 2002

Burnham¹,

Hunter²,

Fitzpatrick³

et al. 2003

Britannia

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Cadw-funded project using fluxgate gradiometer survey. 8 (a) Caerhun {Canovium, SH 7763 7037): extensive areas were surveyed to the N and S of the fort (FIG. 2). The area to the N clearly shows activity in the form of a vicus alongside the road extending from the N gate. The settlement consists mainly of rectangular plots containing discrete strong anomalies best interpreted as hearths. The density of the anomalies suggests several phases of activity, presumably reflecting the relative longevity of the fort. A range of larger buildings can also be seen on the E side of the road as it leaves the fort. The survey to the S revealed little activity. For previous work see Britannia 33 (2002), 279, fig. 3. 296 ROMAN BRITAIN IN 2002 (b) Llanfor (SH 9375 3614): previous work here in advance of the National Eisteddfod revealed details of two temporary camps, a polygonal enclosure, and a timber-built vicus. 9 In the 2002 survey an unusually detailed plan of the associated fort was produced (FIG. 3). It was shown to be a wooden construction with dimensions of 206 m by 185 m, enclosing an area of 3.8 ha. Details of most of the buildings in the densely-packed interior were revealed. The central range contains a clearly-defined principia flanked by apraetorium and what appears to be a substantial workshop. Smaller buildings of as yet undetermined function lie at either end of the central range. The retentura or rear range of buildings comprises two sets of six barracks, each 58 m long, which could probably have accommodated a total of two cohorts. A similar block of six barracks appears to occupy the NW part of the praetentura (front range). A distinctive set of closely-spaced parallel anomalies indicates a substantial granary with dimensions of 48 m by 16 m to the S of the via praetoria. Unfortunately the range of buildings in the SE corner of the fort is less well defined making interpretation difficult. A further narrow range of buildings appears to occupy the space between the via principalis and the rest of the buildings in the praetentura. The clearly-defined buildings in both the fort and vicus (some of which is visible at the N of the survey) indicate that there has been little rebuilding and suggest that the fort was relatively short-lived. It can be assumed that it predates the nearby early Flavian fort at Caer Gai, but the absence of hard dating makes it difficult to determine whether the fort and other elements of the Llanfor military complex should be assigned to a pre-Flavian or very early Flavian context. 10 (2) Trawsfynydd, Dolbelydr Roman practice camp (SH 7245 3747): first discovered from the air in 2001, this camp, which forms an isolated example of the Tomen y Mur camp complex, was visited and measured in 2002. It lies in improved pasture with an entrance facing ESE, on ground which slopes very gently on the N side of a low knoll. The whole site has been degraded by ploughing. Across the rampart it measures c. 16.75 m SE-NW by 21.40 m NE-SW. On the E the ditch shows up as a damp mark c. 1.9 m wide. Beyond t...

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“…History, in the form of the Gallic Chronicle of AD 452 and the writings of the native British scholar Gildas, records a decisive AngloSaxon influx in the middle decades of the 5th century (Burgess 1990, 185-96;Yorke 1990, 2-3). However, excavations at West Stow in Suffolk (West 1985), and Mucking (Hamerow 1987) and Heybridge (Drury and Wickenden 1982), both in Essex, could indicate an earlier arrival of AngloSaxon settlers in the parts of Britain geographically closest to the Rhine. Unfortunately, the dating of excavated material to the early 5th century remains an extremely problematic exercise.…”

Section: Introduction and Historical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colchester, Fortress of the War God

Gascoyne¹,

Radford²

2013

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It is a beautiful, populous, and pleasant place, extended on the brow of an hill from west to east, and surrounded with walls, and adorned with fifteen churches… In the middle of the city, stands a castle ready to drop with age… William Camden 1586 (Britannia, 4th edn, 1772, p 356) May I venture, sir, to take this opportunity of calling the attention of the town Council of Colchester to the general state of the more important ancient remains which render your town so attractive to the antiquary and to the historian? some of them, for instance, the town Walls and the Castle, might be increased in interest by excavations judiciously conducted. A small grant of money, placed under the control of one or two of the many active and intelligent antiquarians of the locality, would but be productive of discoveries, which, while they would especially gratify the archaeologist, would doubtless be advantageous to the town at large, and increase its prosperity. Charles roach smith (Gentleman's Magazine, January 1854, pp 70-1) Contents List of illustrations (figures and tables) xii Foreword xv Acknowledgements xvii Abbreviations xviii Summary xix Résumé xx Zusammenfassung xxi introduction xxii 1 the history of archaeology in colchester 1 the antiquarians and collectors 1 the excavators 5 the Colchester Archaeological trust 6 2 geology and the deposit model 9 solid Geology 9 Drift Geology 9 the Colchester Deposit Model 10 Introduction 10 Character of archaeological deposits in Colchester 11 sequence and nature of the deposits 11 Preservation of finds 13 Archaeological deposits 14 results of the modelling 14 3 prehistoric colchester 19 Introduction 19 Past work 22 the finds evidence 22 the archaeological evidence 25 Palaeolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic 25 the Bronze Age 26 the early and middle Iron Age 29 the current state of knowledge 30 Preservation 30 Importance 30 Potential for future research 31 xi CoNteNts 12 post-medieval colchester, 1540-1700 Introduction and historical framework Past work the nature of the evidence summary of finds assemblages the archaeological evidence the urban plan the impact of the Dissolution Public buildings and other works the hythe the town wall, town gates and castle Domestic and commercial architecture standing buildings excavated buildings Brick and tile Manufacturing and trade the cloth industry the Civil War Agriculture the current state of knowledge Preservation Importance Potential for future research 13 post-1700 colchester Introduction and historical framework Assessment of importance and potential appendices Gazetteer of prehistoric monuments, elements and finds from the study area Gazetteer of late Iron Age monuments, elements and finds from the study area Gazetteer of roman monuments, elements and finds from the study area Gazetteer of early saxon monuments, elements and finds from the study area Gazetteer of late saxon monuments, elements and finds from the study area Gazetteer of medieval monuments, elements and finds from the study area Gazetteer of the significant late medi...

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An Early Saxon Settlement within the Romano-British Small Town at Heybridge, Essex

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

St Peter-On-The-Wall

St Peter-On-The-Wall

Roman Britain in 2002

Colchester, Fortress of the War God

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