An economic analysis of crude oil pollution effects on crop farms in Rivers State, Nigeria

Ojimba, Thankgod Peter; Akintola, J.O.; Anyanwu, Sixtus O.; Manilla, Hubbert A.

doi:10.5897/jdae2014.0567

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The pollution of the environment caused by crude oil and refined products has drawn the attention of researchers and environmentalists at all levels [5][6][7]. Cocâr ta et al [8] proposed that the assessment of health hazards produced by oil exploration is an important environmental issue in order to ensure the wellbeing of people.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of Crude Oil Impacted Soil in Eleme Local Government Area, Rivers State, Nigeria

SJ,

CC,

et al. 2024

JERR

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This study assessed the potential effects of crude oil on soil quality in Eleme Local Government Area of Rivers State. Soil samples were collected from 10 geopolitical wards of the Eleme Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria. The soil and water samples were subjected to physicochemical and microbial analyses to test for pH, heavy metal content (Cadmium, Iron, Lead, Copper, and Chromium), Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH), Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene and Xylene (BTEX) contents and Total Viable Count (TVC). Parameters of the soil were determined and compared to the control site and the permissible World Health Organization (WHO) limits. The soil pH varied across location, ranging from 5.5-7. TPH varied in across the different communities studied, ranging from 1.275-4889.29 mg/kg, and exceeding the WHO limit of 10mg/kg in all polluted soils. The result for the heavy metals showed that the soil samples of the studied sites showed increases in all heavy metals, when compared to the control. Cd values ranged from 0.01 - 0.32 mg/kg; Fe from 1325.23 - 9364.76 mg/kg, Pb from 0.001 mg/kg to 0.93 mg/kg and Cr from 0.001 - 5.08 mg/kg, all with WHO limits. The result for the microbial showed increases in TVC content in polluted soil. Results indicate that crude oil spillage has led to significant contamination of soil in the study area which could affect soil fertility.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of Crude Oil Impacted Soil in Eleme Local Government Area, Rivers State, Nigeria

SJ,

CC,

et al. 2024

JERR

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“…"Within this region, crude oil pollution such as oil spillages and gas flaring regularly occur" [10][11][12][13]. Uquetan et al [14] highlighted that Ofomata [15] and Imevbore [16] catalogued "a number of oil spill contamination problems resulting from vandalization and burst pipes in places like Bonny, Okirika, Okwuzi, Obagu, Bori, and Obirikom all in Rivers State, Nigeria".…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Petroleum Exploration in the Niger Delta Region and Implications for the Environment: A Review

SJ,

CC,

et al. 2024

JENRR

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Petroleum exploration and production in the Niger Delta, Nigeria, has been a significant source of revenue and foreign exchange for the country. Nevertheless, this industry has also been blamed for serious environmental pollution in the region. This review aims to shed light on the implications of petroleum exploration in the Niger Delta region and the resultant environmental damage it has caused. One of the most severe consequences of petroleum exploration in the Niger Delta is the frequent occurrence of oil spills. Due to aging infrastructure, poor maintenance, and criminal activities such as oil theft, pipeline spills have become a recurrent problem. Oil spills lead to the destruction of farmland, loss of biodiversity, poisoning of water sources, and widespread contamination of ecosystems. Petroleum exploration and production activities release substantial pollutants into the atmosphere, posing a significant threat to both human health and the environment. The burning of natural gas during oil production, also known as flaring, is particularly prevalent in the Niger Delta. This practice results in the emission of toxic gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and sulfur dioxide, contributing to climate change, respiratory diseases, and acid rain. Petroleum exploration in the Niger Delta has led to significant damage to forests and mangrove ecosystems. The destruction of these vital habitats has serious implications for species survival. Oil exploration activities often release harmful chemicals and wastes into the region's water bodies. These pollutants infiltrate the groundwater and surface water, leading to contamination that poses severe risks to human health and aquatic life. Contaminated water supplies have been linked to increased instances of skin diseases, as well as liver and kidney problems among the local population. The negative environmental implications of petroleum exploration in the Niger Delta also have severe socioeconomic consequences. Displaced fishermen and farmers face declining livelihoods, while sporadic employment opportunities generated by the oil industry do not compensate for the long-term damage inflicted on the region.

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Modeling of the Fate and Behaviors of an Oil Spill in the Azemmour River Estuary in Morocco

Iouzzi

Meftah

Haffane

et al. 2023

Water

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Oil spills are one of the most hazardous pollutants in marine environments with potentially devastating impacts on ecosystems, human health, and socio-economic sectors. Therefore, it is of the utmost importance to establish a prompt and efficient system for forecasting and monitoring such spills, in order to minimize their impacts. The present work focuses on the numerical simulation of the drift and spread of oil slicks in marine environments. The specific area of interest is the Azemmour estuary, located on Morocco’s Atlantic Coast. According to the environmental sensitivity index (ESI), given its geographical location at the intersection of the World’s Shipping Lines of oil transport, this area, as with many other sites in Morocco, has been classified as a high-risk area for oil spill accidents. By taking into account a range of factors, including the ocean currents, the weather conditions, and the oil properties, detailed numerical simulations were conducted, using the hydrodynamic TELEMAC-2D model, to predict the behavior and spread of an oil spill event in the aforementioned coastal region. The simulation results help to understand the spatial–temporal evolution of the spilled oil, the effect of wind on the spreading process, as well as the coastal areas that are most likely to be affected in the event of an oil spill accident. The simulations were performed with and without wind effects. The results showed that three days after the oil spill only 31% of the spilled oil remained on the sea surface. The wind was found to be the main factor responsible for oil drifting offshore. The results indicated that rapid action is needed to address the oil spill before it causes significant environmental damage and makes the oil cleanup process more challenging and expensive. The results of the present study are highly valuable for the management and prevention of environmental disasters in the Azemmour estuary area. The findings can be used to assess the efficacy of various response strategies, such as containment and cleanup measures, and to develop more effective emergency response plans.

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An economic analysis of crude oil pollution effects on crop farms in Rivers State, Nigeria

Cited by 3 publications

References 35 publications

Diagnosis of Crude Oil Impacted Soil in Eleme Local Government Area, Rivers State, Nigeria

Diagnosis of Crude Oil Impacted Soil in Eleme Local Government Area, Rivers State, Nigeria

Petroleum Exploration in the Niger Delta Region and Implications for the Environment: A Review

Modeling of the Fate and Behaviors of an Oil Spill in the Azemmour River Estuary in Morocco

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