An economic model of teenage pregnancy decision-making

Leibowitz, Arleen; Eisen, Marvin; Chow, W. L.

doi:10.2307/2061408

Cited by 85 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Again, the finding pertains to all women regardless of age, race, or ethnicity; however, Medicaid Status has a much greater impact on the probability of giving birth among adolescents than it does for adults as measured by the magnitude of the coefficients. The results for adolescents are similar to findings from a recent study of adolescents in California (Leibowitz, Eisen, and Chow 1986 Ignoring the impact of pregnancy resolution, the results for the prenatal care demand equations are in general conformity with the literature.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Pregnancy Resolution as an Indicator of Wantedness and its Impact on the Initiation of Early Prenatal Care

Joyce

Grossman

1989

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The study examines the impact of the wantedness of a pregnancy on the demand for early prenatal care. Past attempts to address this question have depended on the self-assessments of women as to the wantedness of their pregnancy and birth. Our approach can be described as a form of revealed preference in which only those pregnancies that are voluntarily terminated by induced abortion are considered to be unwanted. Using a cohort of pregnant women in New York City, we estimate a prenatal care demand function in which we control for the probability of giving birth, given a woman is pregnant. We interpret this control as a measure of wantedness. The results indicate that if the black and Hispanic women who aborted, had instead given birth, they would have delayed the initiation of prenatal care, on average, over three-quarters of a month longer than the mean number of months of delay that were actually observed for the women who gave birth. By allowing women to terminate an unwanted pregnancy, induced abortion increases the average utilization of prenatal care among black and Hispanic women relative to what would have been observed if the women who aborted had instead given birth.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Pregnancy Resolution as an Indicator of Wantedness and its Impact on the Initiation of Early Prenatal Care

Joyce

Grossman

1989

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“…The error terms from the motherhood and schooling equations (ε S and ε F ) may not be independent if schooling and fertility decisions are both affected by some unobservable family or social characteristics. For example, individual discount rate is unobserved but affects teenage motherhood (Leibowitz et al, 1986or Wolfe et al, 2001) and schooling (Card, 1999). The correlation between ε S and ε F leads to biased estimates of the effect of teenage pregnancy.…”

Section: Educational Choicementioning

confidence: 99%

The long-run labour market consequences of teenage motherhood in Britain

Chevalier

Viitanen

2003

Journal of Population Economics

126

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Common wisdom states that teenage childbearing reduces schooling, labour market experience and adult wages. However, the decisions to be a teenage mother, to quit school, and be less attached to the labour market might all stem from some personal or family characteristics.Using the National Child Development Study (NCDS), we find that in Britain teenage childbearing decreases the probability of post-16 schooling by 12% to 24%. Employment experience is reduced by up to three years, and the adult pay differential ranges from 5% to 22%. The negative impact of teen motherhood on various adult outcomes is not due to some pre-motherhood characteristics; hence policies aiming to encourage return to school and participation in the labour market may be an efficient way to reduce the long-term consequences of teenage pregnancy.JEL Codes: I200, J130, J310

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“…Therefore, for married women the fertility function is specified as (4 (Becker, 1981;Leibowitz et al, 1986;Lundberg and Plotnick, 1990;Rosenzweig and Schultz, 1985;T.P. Schultz, 1981T.P.…”

Section: Marriage 114mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leibowitz et al (1986) report evidence that AFDC benefits increase the likelihood that a pregnant teenager will decide to keep her child, rather than resort to abortion. Ellwood and Bane (1985) find some increase in the fraction of never married women age 24-34 with children in higher AFDC benefit states.…”

Section: Previous Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marital Status and Fertility in the United States: Welfare and Labor Market Effects

Schultz¹

1994

The Journal of Human Resources

101

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in ABSTRACTThe incidence of marriage and the proportion of childbearing that occurs within marriage has decreased sharply in the United States in the last several decades. This paper examines whether the probability that a woman is currently married and the number of children she has born, as reported in the 1980 U.S.Census, is related to two identifiable factors: the variation in welfare programs across states (specifically, AFDC and Medicaid benefits and AFDC-UP expenditures) or in market wage opportunities available to women and to their potential husbands. AFDC and Medicaid benefit levels are associated with fewer women being currently married. Medicaid benefits are related to lower fertility levels for both black and white women, whereas AFDC benefits in cash and food are associated with lower fertility among white women age 15 -24. Those states that extend AFDC benefits to families with Unemployed Parents (i.e. fathers in intact poor families) do not have significantly more women married or higher fertility rates, as might be expected from economic incentives. Men's market wages are associated with more frequent marriage and· higher fertility, whereas higher market wage opportunities for women have substantial effects in the opposite direction, all of which are consistent with standard models of gender specialization and the demand for marriage and fertility.

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An economic model of teenage pregnancy decision-making

Cited by 85 publications

References 8 publications

Pregnancy Resolution as an Indicator of Wantedness and its Impact on the Initiation of Early Prenatal Care

Pregnancy Resolution as an Indicator of Wantedness and its Impact on the Initiation of Early Prenatal Care

The long-run labour market consequences of teenage motherhood in Britain

Marital Status and Fertility in the United States: Welfare and Labor Market Effects

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