“…(ibid) On the other hand, Mausethagen (2013, 18) argues that, often during processes of educational reform, "conditions of trust, discretion, and competence, which are regarded as necessary for professional practice, are, to a greater extent, being challenged and regulated by new governance and control systems". Added to these tensions are South African teachers' long history of conflict and resistance to educational authorities (Chisholm and Chilisa 2012), and the tendency for research to emphasise the poor knowledge and skills of management and teachers (see, for example, Bush, Jobert, Kiggundu and van Rooyen 2010;Pretorius 2014).…”