An educational tool for demonstrating the TOF-PET technique

Bäck, T.; Cederkäll, J.; Cederwall, B.; Johnson, A.; Kerek, A.; Klamra, W.; Marel, J. van der; Molnár, J.; Novák, D.; Sohler, D.; Steen, M.; Uhlen, P.

doi:10.1016/s0168-9002(01)00965-2

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…From these spectra, the timing resolutions (FWHM: Full Width at Half Maximum) were estimated to be 170 ps and 1.2 ns for lead glass and BaF 2 , respectively. In another work, 1) the time resolution of BaF 2 was estimated to be about 350 ps, better than in our results. This was attributed to the fact that the MCP-PMT used in this work had low quantum efficiency for a wavelength of 220 nm, at which the fast component of scintillation light of BaF 2 peaked.…”

Section: Basic Experimentscontrasting

confidence: 70%

“…The TOF information is useful for eliminating superfluous information in image reconstruction thus improving spatial resolution. 1) So far, TOF-PET using fast scintillators to detect annihilation gamma rays has been actively studied. 1) Cherenkov radiation, which has been used to detect particles such as neutrinos, % þ , p, d, , and so on in highenergy physics, has the fastest photon emission process, so the Cherenkov detector is expected to have excellent timing properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1) So far, TOF-PET using fast scintillators to detect annihilation gamma rays has been actively studied. 1) Cherenkov radiation, which has been used to detect particles such as neutrinos, % þ , p, d, , and so on in highenergy physics, has the fastest photon emission process, so the Cherenkov detector is expected to have excellent timing properties. We have proposed a novel TOF-PET that uses Cherenkov radiation to obtain very fast timing properties, corresponding to superior high spatial resolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of TOF-PET using Cherenkov Radiation

Miyata

Tomita

Watanabe

et al. 2006

J. Nucl. Sci. Technol.

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We proposed a new concept of TOF-PET (Time-of-Flight Positron Emission Tomography) using Cherenkov radiation. Basic experiments revealed a timing resolution of 170 ps, but the detection efficiency was less than those of the conventional BaF 2 scintillators. Through simulation studies, we confirmed that the spatial resolution and the S/N ratio of the images reconstructed with TOF information were 1.5 and 3 times better, respectively, than they were without TOF information, when we adopted the FP (Forward Projection) method combined with the ML-EM (Maximum Likelihood Expectation Maximization) algorithm as an image reconstruction algorithm. Consequently, we concluded that TOF-PET using Cherenkov radiation is a promising candidate for next-generation PET. We concluded that PWO (PbWO 4) is the best Cherenkov radiator from the viewpoint of detection efficiency. Additionally, we found that the Monte Carlo algorithm was able to generate images having error bars and thus to make quantitative diagnoses possible.

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Section: Basic Experimentscontrasting

confidence: 70%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of TOF-PET using Cherenkov Radiation

Miyata

Tomita

Watanabe

et al. 2006

J. Nucl. Sci. Technol.

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“…These specifications are much less demanding than those of commercial systems, but are sufficient for our project. A PET system with roughly the same goals is described in [3]. An example of a more ambitious PET apparatus, born in an high energy physics environment, is the ClearPEM [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The MiniPET: a didactic PET system

et al. 2013

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The MiniPET project aims to design and build a small PET system. It consists of two 4×4 matrices of 16 LYSO scintillator crystals and two PMTs with 16 channels resulting in a low cost system with the essential functionality of a clinical PET instrument. It is designed to illustrate the physics of the PET technique and to provide a didactic platform for the training of students and nuclear imaging professionals as well as for scientific outreach. The PET modules can be configured to test for the coincidence of 511 keV gamma rays. The model has a flexible mechanical setup [1] and can simulate 14 diferent ring geometries, from a configuration with as few as 18 detectors per ring (ring radius φ =51 mm), up to a geometry with 70 detectors per ring (φ =200 mm). A second version of the electronic system [2] allowed measurement and recording of the energy deposited in 4 detector channels 4 by photons from a 137 Cs radioactive source and by photons resulting of the annihilation of positrons from a 22 Na radioactive source. These energy spectra are used for detector performance studies, as well as angular dependency studies. In this paper, the mechanical setup, the front-end high-speed analog electronics, the digital acquisition and control electronics implemented in a FPGA, as well as the data-transfer interface between the FPGA board and a host PC are described. Recent preliminary results obtained with the 4 active channels in the prototype are also presented.

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