An effect of primary air draft and flow rate on thermal performance and CO/CO2 emission of the domestic stove fed with the briquette of coconut shell

Susastriawan, Anak Agung Putu; Badrawada, I Gusti Gde; Budi, Dwi Prasetyo

doi:10.1007/s13399-019-00474-6

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Thermal-NO x is primarily formed by the reaction of nitrogen and oxygen at high temperatures (>1300 • C) [3]. While the furnace temperature of household biomass stove is mostly lower than 700 • C (refer to previous studies [4,5]), fuel-NO x accounted for most of all NO x [6,7]. Fuel-N can be converted into various nitrogen-containing functional groups during the pyrolysis process, and these compounds can react with oxygen to produce various NO x species [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Migration during Pyrolysis of Raw and Acid Leached Maize Straw

Mou

Zou

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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Solid biofuel is considered as a possible substitute for coal in household heat production because of the available and sustainable raw materials, while NOx emissions from its combustion have become a serious problem. Nitrogen-containing compounds in pyrolysis products have important effects on the conversion of fuel-N into NOx-N. Understanding these converting pathways is important for the environmentally friendly use of biomass fuels. The nitrogen migration during pyrolysis of raw and acid leached maize straw at various temperatures was investigated in this study. Thermal gravimetric analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to investigate the performances of thermal decomposition and pyrolysis products from samples. The main nitrogen functional groups in biomass and biochar products were N-A (amine-N/amide-N/protein-N), pyridine-N, and pyrrole-N, according to the findings. The most common gaseous NOx precursor was NH3, which was produced primarily during the conversion of N-A to pyridine-N and pyrrole-N. The formation of HCN mainly came from the secondary decomposition of heterocyclic-N at high temperatures. Before the pyrolysis temperature increased to 650 °C, more than half of the fuel-N was stored in the biochar. At the same pyrolysis temperature, acid-leached maize straw yielded more gas-N and char-N than the raw biomass. The highest char-N yield of 76.39 wt% was obtained from acid-leached maize straw (AMS) pyrolysis at 350 °C. Low pyrolysis temperature and acid-leaching treatment can help to decrease nitrogen release from stable char structure, providing support for reducing nitrogenous pollutant emissions from straw fuel.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Migration during Pyrolysis of Raw and Acid Leached Maize Straw

Mou

Zou

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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“…basis basah(%) M = bobot cawan (gram) M₁ = bobot awal bahan (gram) m₂ = bobot akhir bahan+cawan (gram)Laju aliran massa Laju pengeringan yaitu banyaknya air yang diuapkan tiap satuan waktu atau penurunan kadar air bahan dalam satuan waktu. Persamaan 2, 3 dan 4 yang digunakan untuk menghitung laju pengeringan yaitu(Susastriawan & Badrawada, 2022): pengeringan (kgH₂O/jam) W2 = laju pengeringan (%bb/jam)…”

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Analisis Efisiensi Flash Dryer Mesin Tipe Rak Pada Proses Pengeringan Daun Ungu (Graptophylum pictum Griff)

Nurwahyuningsih,

Fadhila,

Rakhmadevi

et al. 2023

jbeta

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Abstrak Daun ungu (Graptophyllum pictum L griff) merupakan tanaman yang memiliki banyak manfaat. Masyarakat pada umumnya menggunakan tanaman daun ungu sebegai tanaman herbal. Bagian dari tanaman daun ungu yang sering digunakan adalah daunnya. Berbagai macam olahan produk daun ungu sudah dikembangkan, salah satunya sebagai minuman herbal daun ungu yang dapat diseduh seperti teh. Dalam pembuatan produk tersebut diperlukan proses pengeringan duan ungu, yaitu proses penurunan kadar air bahan basah hingga pada nilai kadar air tertentu. Penggunaan mesin pengering mampu mempercepat proses pengeringan, tidak tergantung pada cuaca, terjaminnya mutu, produk lebih higienis, hasil proses pengeringan lebih seragam, dan tidak membutuhkan tempat yang luas. Pada penelitian kali ini digunakan flash dryer tipe rak dengan berbahan bakar gas LPG dan menambahkan kipas untuk memperoleh efek konveksi paksa, dimana udara panas dialirkan oleh kipas secara merata di dalam ruang pengering. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui pengaruh sebaran suhu pada ruang pengering, menghitung efisiensi mesin pengering, dan mengetahui nilai kadar air akhir bahan dari proses pengeringan. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukka bahwa mesin pengering flash dryer sangat efisien dalam proses pengeringan daun ungu nilai kadar air terendah terdapat pada rak 2 (bagian tengah) rata-rata sebesar 7.47% dengan besar energi yang digunakan sebesar 38,246.55 kJ. Serta efisiensi mesin pengering mencapai 90.62%. Persebaran suhu yang terjadi dalam ruang pengering selama 4 jam proses penngeringan cukup merata dan memiliki rata-rata suhu 50oC. Abstract Purple leaves (Graptophyllum pictum L griff) is a plant that has many benefits. People generally use purple leaves plants as herbal plants. The part of this plant that is often used is the leaves. Various kinds of processed purple leaf products have been developed, one of which is a purple leaf herbal drink that can be brewed like tea. In the manufacture of these products, a purple leaves drying process is required, namely the process of reducing the moisture content of the wet material to a certain moisture content value. The use of a dryer is able to speed up the drying process, not dependent to the weather, quality guarantee, more hygienic product, homogenic result, and it does not require a large area. In this study, a rack-type flash dryer was used with LPG fuel and added a fan to obtain a forced convection effect, in which hot air is circulated evenly by the fan in the drying chamber. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of temperature distribution in the drying chamber, calculate the efficiency of the drying machine, and determine the final moisture content of the material from the drying process. The conclusion of this study shows that the flash dryer is very efficient in the process of drying purple leaves, the lowest water content is found on shelf 2 (middle part) with an average of 7.47% with a large amount of energy used of 38,246.55 kJ. And the efficiency of the dryer reaches 90.62%. The temperature distribution that occurs in the drying chamber for 4 hours of the drying process is quite even and has an average temperature of 50oC.

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