“…Innovation is a process of knowledge or idea transformation that produces new companies, new products, new markets, and commercial income flows (Jones et al, 2014; Reaiche et al, 2016). HEIs, like the government, industry, and research centers, play a fundamental role in the national innovation system of most industrialized countries, driving economic and technological development (Calcagnini and Favaretto, 2015; De Gortari and Santos, 2004; Etzkowitz and Leydesdorff, 2000; Fateh et al, 2015; Kerry and Danson, 2016). For Plewa et al (2005), the rapid change in competitiveness and the speed of innovation around the world has promoted the creation of links between the research community and the private-sector companies (Plewa et al, 2005).…”