With emerging applications and needs of ever-increasing bandwidth, it is anticipated that 5G networks with much higher bandwidth present a natural path forward to satisfy these demands. For 5G network operators, it is interesting and profitable to develop valuable broadband optical networks at the same time. Broadband optical networks naturally utilize the optical transmission medium, and for increasing transmission rates of broadband applications and services in 5G networks, it is necessary to characterize and investigate some specific features of advanced signal processing techniques utilized in the optical transmission path. For this case, advanced techniques must also be analyzed and evaluated for real long-distance, metropolitan, and access optical networks as an integral part of 5G networks. In this chapter, enhanced simulation tools for analyzing advanced signal processing techniques in the optical transmission path are presented together with possibilities for their practical implementations in real single-channel and multi-channel optical transmission systems.