are required. [2a,b,3] Among the various sustainable energy candidates, hydrogen fuel has garnered significant attention owing to its natural advantages. Hydrogen is typically a nontoxic and environmentally friendly power source that can be produced from water, which is an earth-abundant reactant, and produces no CO 2 emissions when converted into other energy forms. [4-6] In addition, due to its high mass-specific energy density, hydrogen can be efficiently used in mobile applications. Moreover, hydrogen can be used in combustion engines and fuel cells. Hence, the development of efficient hydrogen-based energy systems is necessary. [7-9] Producing hydrogen by electrolytic water splitting is considered a promising approach to resolve the current environmental crisis and has been extensively investigated with emphasis on availability and sustainability. [10,11] During water electrolysis, the cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) [12] and the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) occur simultaneously, as exemplified by the following equations