An Effective Non‐Enzymatic Glucose Biosensor Based on Nanostructured Cu_xO/Cu Electrodes Synthesized in Situ by Copper Anodization

Abstract

Potentiostatic anodization was developed to synthesize copper oxide/copper (CuxO/Cu, x=1,2) electrode with nano structure for sensitive non‐enzymatic glucose detection. At a catalytic potential of 0.55 V, the CuO/Cu electrode presented a high sensitivity of 2954.38 μA mM−1 cm−2 to glucose and a linear range of 0.1 mM to 1.3 mM. The response time is less than 3 s with addition of 0.1 mM glucose. The CuO/Cu electrode above was anodized in 1M KOH solution at −100 mV and the morphology was compact nanoparticles and sparsely dispersed nanosheets, which enlarged the surface area and provided abundant electrocatalytic active sites. Compared the sensing property of electrodes with different morphologies, it indicated that nanostructure was significant to the efficient glucose catalytic oxidation process and it could be regulated by changing the potential and electrolyte concentration during anodization.

Photonic Nanochains for Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Physiological Environment

“…But these enzymes are easy to lose activity at temperatures above 40 °C and in acidic or alkaline environments [ 9 , 10 ], and immobilizing enzymes onto the surface of sensors is also a complex process [ 11 ]. Although many enzyme-free nanomaterials have been developed for the direct electrochemical oxidation of glucose [ 12 , 13 , 14 ], most of them cannot work under physiological pH and have poor selectivity [ 15 ]. These drawbacks greatly limit the long-term use of electrochemical glucose sensors in CGM systems.…”