“…Even though the past two decades have witnessed the emergence of research on the collaborative research among undergraduate and graduate students, the bulk of the research attempts to identify team or environmental characteristics for productive, successful research teams. These characteristics include team organization and operation (e.g., Hulse-Killacky & Robison, 2005;Lee & Mitchell, 2011;Li, Zhu, & Wang, 2010;Turner, 2006;Waldron, Shattuck, Zimbrick, Finter, & Edwards, 2007), member characteristics (e.g., Blumer et al, 2007;Wan Mohamed, Omar, Ahmad, & Juned, 2012), and process of bonding (e.g., Bryan et al, 2002). Arguably, these studies all assume the active roles of graduate students in team research while leaving out the graduate population who hover, still debating over the costs and benefits of team research.…”