An Effective Synthesis of Planar Array Antennas for Producing Near-Field Contoured Patterns

Wang, Nannan; Chou, Hsi‐Hsir; Qiu, Jinghui

doi:10.1109/tap.2011.2161554

Cited by 41 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The transformation for the NFBFs is considered by [ Chou et al , ]

{\overset{true¯}{E}}_{p q}^{l} ((), \overset{true¯}{r}) = true {true\sum}_{m = - M}^{M} true {true\sum}_{n = - N}^{N} f_{p q} ((),, n, m) e^{j k r_{n m}^{p q}} {\overset{true¯}{E}}_{n m} ((), \overset{true¯}{r})

where the notation of

{\overset{true¯}{E}}_{ℓ} ((), \overset{true¯}{r})

is changed to

{\overset{true¯}{E}}_{p q}^{l} ((), \overset{true¯}{r})

with the index pq representing ℓ hereafter in order to indicate the two‐dimensional distribution of spot beams within the synthesis domain. As illustrated in Figure ,

{\overset{true¯}{E}}_{p q}^{l} ((), \overset{true¯}{r})

are the radiations of overlapped virtual arrays located at the same place, whose elements are same to the original ones and are phased via to radiate tilted beams.…”

Section: Summary Of the Proposed Synthesis Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In and ,

f_{p q} ((),, n, m) e^{j k r_{n m}^{p q}}

is the GWF as each function produces a NFBF from the radiations of the entire array elements with a continuous distribution for the excitation weightings, which further serves as the excitation basis functions to expand the elemental excitations over the entire array as shown in . In particular, the phase term

e^{j k r_{n m}^{p q}}

is used to focus the spot beam at

{\overset{true¯}{r}}_{p q}

with a narrow spot footprint [ Chou et al , , ]. Also, f pq ( n , m ) is used to control the spot width of each NFBF and the shape of

{\overset{true¯}{E}}_{p q}^{l}

in order to reduce the diffraction arising from finite array truncations, which is important in controlling the levels of sidelobes outside the synthesis domain.…”

Section: Summary Of the Proposed Synthesis Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

An efficient synthesis approach for electromagnetic near‐ and far‐field contoured patterns using alternative narrow‐beam field functions transformed from the radiations of linearly excited array antennas with least computational complexity

Chou

2015

Radio Science

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This paper presents an effective scheme to accelerate the computational efficiency in synthesizing the electromagnetic contoured patterns spanned by the radiations of phased array antennas, which is applicable to synthesize both the near-and far-field patterns. The core concept is to adapt/create closed-form and simple formulations with least computational unknowns to be used in the iterative synthesis procedure. The efficiency is assured by avoiding the cumbersome numerical integration/summation for the radiation fields in the synthesis procedure. Thus, the scheme first transforms the conventional field basis functions (FBFs) defined by the radiations of every array elements into a set of global FBFs arising from the radiations of a set of overlapped virtual arrays, where each of the virtual arrays is properly excited by a Gaussian taper to avoid the ray caustic problems encountered in the asymptotic evaluations. The new FBFs (NFBFs) created by this transformation have radiation fields focused in narrow spans in contrast to the wide patterns of conventional FBFs and may reduce the number of FBFs in the computation if a small coverage area is considered. Furthermore, the closed-form formulations of global NFBFs are obtained by asymptotic evaluation and may dramatically reduce the computational time. This approach is implemented with the use of successive projection method, which also provides closed-form formulations to update the excitations in each iterative step, to synthesize the near-and far-field contoured patterns to demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency.

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“…The transformation for the NFBFs is considered by [ Chou et al , ]

{\overset{true¯}{E}}_{p q}^{l} ((), \overset{true¯}{r}) = true {true\sum}_{m = - M}^{M} true {true\sum}_{n = - N}^{N} f_{p q} ((),, n, m) e^{j k r_{n m}^{p q}} {\overset{true¯}{E}}_{n m} ((), \overset{true¯}{r})

where the notation of

{\overset{true¯}{E}}_{ℓ} ((), \overset{true¯}{r})

is changed to

{\overset{true¯}{E}}_{p q}^{l} ((), \overset{true¯}{r})

with the index pq representing ℓ hereafter in order to indicate the two‐dimensional distribution of spot beams within the synthesis domain. As illustrated in Figure ,

{\overset{true¯}{E}}_{p q}^{l} ((), \overset{true¯}{r})

are the radiations of overlapped virtual arrays located at the same place, whose elements are same to the original ones and are phased via to radiate tilted beams.…”

Section: Summary Of the Proposed Synthesis Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In and ,

f_{p q} ((),, n, m) e^{j k r_{n m}^{p q}}

e^{j k r_{n m}^{p q}}

is used to focus the spot beam at

{\overset{true¯}{r}}_{p q}

with a narrow spot footprint [ Chou et al , , ]. Also, f pq ( n , m ) is used to control the spot width of each NFBF and the shape of

{\overset{true¯}{E}}_{p q}^{l}

in order to reduce the diffraction arising from finite array truncations, which is important in controlling the levels of sidelobes outside the synthesis domain.…”

Section: Summary Of the Proposed Synthesis Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

An efficient synthesis approach for electromagnetic near‐ and far‐field contoured patterns using alternative narrow‐beam field functions transformed from the radiations of linearly excited array antennas with least computational complexity

Chou

2015

Radio Science

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show abstract

“…The basic design criteria for NFF planar square arrays is summarized in with the uniform current amplitude. The NF pattern of an antenna array is synthesized by an efficient approach for RFID applications in . A tunable circular focused phase‐array antenna achieves an efficient localization of the tags for RFID applications in .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The NF pattern of an antenna array is synthesized by an efficient approach for RFID applications in. 24 A tunable circular focused phase-array antenna achieves an efficient localization of the tags for RFID applications in. 12 In reference, 25 an NF highly focused circular phased-array antenna with the appropriate modeling of electric field vectors is presented for 5.8-GHz RFID application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of amplitude weights on power focusing for near-field-focused planar arrays

Wang

Gao

et al. 2018

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

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Near‐field‐focused (NFF) arrays have gained great interest owing to its ability to focus the electromagnetic power at a point near to the antenna. The power focusing can basically be reflected by the sidelobe level and the area of the −3‐dB focal spot at the focal plane. For an ordinary NFF array with the given phase tapering, it would be an effective way to realize the changing of focused power by controlling the feeding‐current amplitude of the array element. In this article, the effects of the amplitude weights of array element rings on the power focusing with reference to an original NFF array are investigated to address this issue. The focus is on the power focusing changing introduced by amplitude weights changing of element rings, in which different cases of amplitude weights changing are considered. The results from amplitude weights changing are compared with that from an original amplitude weights combination, and compared among those from different cases of amplitude weights changing.

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“…The design criteria for NFAs were given in Buffi et al (2012). An efficient procedure was provided in Chou et al (2011b) for NFAs to synthesis contoured patterns in the near zone. Similar to FFAs, the Dolph-Chebyshev method has been implemented for NFAs to achieve the desired sidelobe level in the Fresnel region (Karimkashi & Kishk, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation Characteristics of Floquet Mode over Two-Dimensional Infinite Near-Field Focusing Antenna with Focus Point in Complex Space

Yang

Ouyang

et al. 2015

Electromagnetics

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In this article, the near field of a two-dimensional infinite near-field focusing antenna with Gaussian taper excitation is determined. By Gabor representation, any slowly varying excitation of array antenna can be expanded to series of Gaussian taper excitation. To achieve the Gaussian taper excitation, the focus point of a twodimensional infinite near-field focusing antenna is placed in complex space. By adopting the Poission sum formula, radiation fields of this type antenna are transferred to terms of Floquet modes. Asymptotic evaluation technique is utilized to calculate the Floquet mode integral in closed form. Results of asymptotic evaluation are compared with those obtained by direct numerical integral, and good agreement is achieved.

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An Effective Synthesis of Planar Array Antennas for Producing Near-Field Contoured Patterns

Cited by 41 publications

References 27 publications

An efficient synthesis approach for electromagnetic near‐ and far‐field contoured patterns using alternative narrow‐beam field functions transformed from the radiations of linearly excited array antennas with least computational complexity

An efficient synthesis approach for electromagnetic near‐ and far‐field contoured patterns using alternative narrow‐beam field functions transformed from the radiations of linearly excited array antennas with least computational complexity

Impact of amplitude weights on power focusing for near-field-focused planar arrays

Radiation Characteristics of Floquet Mode over Two-Dimensional Infinite Near-Field Focusing Antenna with Focus Point in Complex Space

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