An effective TiO2 blocking layer for hole-conductor-free perovskite solar cells based on carbon counter electrode

Liu, Huijing; Fu, Xinglin; Fu, Wuyou; Zong, Beibei; Huang, Liwen; Bala, Hari; Guo, Zu-an; Sun, Guang; Cao, Jianliang; Zhang, Zhanying

doi:10.1016/j.orgel.2018.04.042

Cited by 26 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…PSCs were fabricated based on planer n-i-p configuration with stacked layers of FTO/bl-TiO2/SnO2-QDs/Cs0.1FAPbI3(0.81)MAPbBr3(0.09)/2D-WS2/PTAA/Au (Figure 3a) to evaluate the PV performances by the placement of 2D-WS2 as an interfacial layer. The energy levels of the materials used in the device architect including as prepared 2D-WS2 (Figure 3b) suggest the compatibility of the valence band energy of the interface layer at HTM/perovskite interface which overcomes the energy barrier for effective free hole extraction 6,[40][41][42][43] . SnO2 layer together with thin compact-TiO2 acts as electron selective contact to prevent direct contact to the bottom charge collector, annihilating a possible charge recombination path.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

1T-Rich 2D-WS₂ as an interfacial agent to escalate photo-induced charge transfer dynamics in dopant-free perovskite solar cells

2021

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

1T-Rich 2D-WS₂ as an interfacial agent to escalate photo-induced charge transfer dynamics in dopant-free perovskite solar cells

2021

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“…The aim of Liu's work was instead the study of the effect of the TiO 2 blocking layer between FTO and TiO 2 anode. 181 An efficient blocking layer favors the extraction of photogenerated electrons and impedes charge recombination and should not present voids or cracks, which may act as recombination centers. However, during the synthesis of TiO 2 by the sol-gel process, the widely used precursor Ti(OC 4 H 9 ) 4 undergoes hydrolysis under atmospheric conditions, resulting in a non-uniform morphology of TiO 2 .…”

Section: Low-temperature Processed Back Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon-based materials for stable, cheaper and large-scale processable perovskite solar cells

Fagiolari

Bella

2019

Energy Environ. Sci.

262

188

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Almost ten years after their first use in the photovoltaic (PV) field, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are now hybrid devices that, in addition to having reached silicon performance, can accelerate the energy transition and boost the use of abundant elements for their manufacturing process. However, noble metals (in particular gold) represent the most typically used sources for back electrode fabrication, and this issue has been intensively considered by the research community in the last five years. This review shows how the most promising solution, considering also the need to develop a large-scale production process, is based on the use of carbon-based materials for the preparation of back electrodes. Graphite, carbon black, graphene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been proposed, functionalized and characterized, leading to laboratory-scale solar cells and modules capable of providing excellent efficiencies and ensuring stability greater than those of gold-based devices. Strengthened by these results and its hydrophobizing properties, carbon has also started to be used as an electron transporting material (ETM), with excellent results on both rigid and flexible substrates. This review discusses the major advances and the updated state-of-the-art in the carbon-based PSC scenario, keeping a solid trajectory where the accessibility, low cost, high electrical conductivity, chemical stability and controllable porosity of carbon are highlighted and exploited in the design of upscalable hybrid solar cells. Broader contextToday, more than 75% of the world energy demand is met by traditional, non-sustainable energy resources, mainly based on coal, natural gas and oil. Photovoltaics represents a concrete action to mitigate fossil fuel consumption, and among all the developed solar cells, perovskite-based ones have shown the highest increase in terms of efficiency (currently above 25%). Halide perovskites, as a family of new-generation semiconductor materials, are also exploitable for light-emitting devices, photodetectors and memristors, but their use in photovoltaics gives rise to outstanding performances. Here, photogenerated charges pass through electron/hole transporting materials and are transferred to the external circuit by front and back electrodes. While the front electrode is a common conductive glass, many issues are now under study concerning the back electrode, traditionally made of gold. Indeed, replacing this expensive metal with a much cheaper alternative is vital for realizing affordable solar technologies. Carbon, in its multiple forms, represents the winning solution and the scientific community has recently shown its large scale processability, its power as a stability booster and some interesting effects at the perovskite/electrode interface. This review shows how carbon is becoming the winning ingredient for the scaling up and worldwide diffusion of perovskite solar cells.

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“…It was observed that the Nyquist plot arcs shifted to high-frequency regions under illumination, giving crucial information on the carrier lifetime and changes in electron–hole density due to photoexcitation and, hence, providing a more realistic analysis under practical operating conditions (see Figure 6 c). Liu et al [ 71 ] investigated the effectiveness of compact TiO 2 blocking layer in HTM-free PSCs, by optimizing the amount of DEA (diethanolamine) in the precursor solution, through EIS analysis. It was stated the conventional fabrication procedure of TiO 2 is prone to cracking, which can create trapping sites for electrons and holes recombination.…”

Section: Analysis Of Htm-free Pscs With the Eis Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

“…(a) Nyquist plots with different DEA molar ratios (x), measured at a bias of 0.8 V in the dark. Reproduced with permission from[71]. Elsevier, 2018.…”

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Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Analysis of Hole Transporting Material Free Mesoporous and Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2020

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The future photovoltaic technologies based on perovskite materials are aimed to build low tech, truly economical, easily fabricated, broadly deployable, and trustworthy solar cells. Hole transport material (HTM) free perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are among the most likely architectures which hold a distinctive design and provide a simple way to produce large-area and cost-effective manufacture of PSCs. Notably, in the monolithic scheme of the HTM-free PSCs, all layers can be printed using highly reproducible and morphology-controlled methods, and this design has successfully been demonstrated for industrial-scale fabrication. In this review article, we comprehensively describe the recent advancements in the different types of mesoporous (nanostructured) and planar HTM-free PSCs. In addition, the effect of various nanostructures and mesoporous layers on their performance is discussed using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique. We bring together the different perspectives that researchers have developed to interpret and analyze the EIS data of the HTM-free PSCs. Their analysis using the EIS tool, the limitations of these studies, and the future work directions to overcome these limitations to enhance the performance of HTM-free PSCs are comprehensively considered.

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An effective TiO2 blocking layer for hole-conductor-free perovskite solar cells based on carbon counter electrode

Cited by 26 publications

References 39 publications

1T-Rich 2D-WS₂ as an interfacial agent to escalate photo-induced charge transfer dynamics in dopant-free perovskite solar cells

1T-Rich 2D-WS₂ as an interfacial agent to escalate photo-induced charge transfer dynamics in dopant-free perovskite solar cells

Carbon-based materials for stable, cheaper and large-scale processable perovskite solar cells

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Analysis of Hole Transporting Material Free Mesoporous and Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

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An effective TiO2 blocking layer for hole-conductor-free perovskite solar cells based on carbon counter electrode

Cited by 26 publications

References 39 publications

1T-Rich 2D-WS2 as an interfacial agent to escalate photo-induced charge transfer dynamics in dopant-free perovskite solar cells

1T-Rich 2D-WS2 as an interfacial agent to escalate photo-induced charge transfer dynamics in dopant-free perovskite solar cells

Carbon-based materials for stable, cheaper and large-scale processable perovskite solar cells

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Analysis of Hole Transporting Material Free Mesoporous and Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

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1T-Rich 2D-WS₂ as an interfacial agent to escalate photo-induced charge transfer dynamics in dopant-free perovskite solar cells

1T-Rich 2D-WS₂ as an interfacial agent to escalate photo-induced charge transfer dynamics in dopant-free perovskite solar cells