An Efficient and Secure Multidimensional Data Aggregation for Fog-Computing-Based Smart Grid

Abstract

The secure multidimensional data aggregation (MDA) has been widely investigated in smart grid for smart cities. However, previous proposals use heavy computation operations either to encrypt or to decrypt the multidimensional data. Moreover, previous fault-tolerant mechanisms lead to an important computation cost, and also a high communication cost when considering a separate identification phase. In this article, we propose an efficient and secure MDA scheme, named ESMA. Unlike existing schemes, the multidimensional data in ESMA are structured and encrypted into a single Paillier ciphertext and thereafter, the data are efficiently decrypted. For privacy preserving, the Paillier cryptosystem is adopted in a fog computing-based architecture, and to achieve efficient authentication, the batch verification technique is applied. Besides, ESMA is fault tolerant, i.e., even if some of the smart meters fail to send their data, the final aggregation result will not be affected. Furthermore, ESMA can be adapted to respond to other queries than the summation of data. The performance analysis demonstrates the cost efficiency of ESMA both in computation and communication and the scalability as well. For instance, with a 16-bits size for each data type and 500 reporting smart meters, 40 data types can be supported in a single Paillier ciphertext. ESMA also resists various security attacks and preserves the user's privacy.

SEMDA: Secure and Efficient Multidimensional Data Aggregation in Smart Grid without a Trusted Third Party

“…However, encrypting each dimension in this scheme incurs an additional heavy computational cost. In 2020, Merad-Boudia et al [30] proposed a method of using coding to aggregate multidimensional data, which gives each dimension data a certain space according to certain rules so that each dimension data does not afect each other during aggregation and decryption. However, in this method, the length of the coding used is fxed, which is easy to cause space waste and increase storage overhead.…”

“…Considering the computing power of smart meters and fog nodes. In literature [7,[9][10][11][29][30][31][32][33][34][35], paillier homomorphic encryption scheme has been widely applied in data aggregation schemes of the smart grid. In literature [10,11,13,29,30,32,33,[35][36][37][38], fog nodes are used as intermediate nodes to process data transmitted by smart meters.…”

A Discussion and Comparative Study on Security and Privacy of Smart Meter Data

“…O. Rafik and S. Senouci [9] propose an Efficient and Secure Multidimensional data Aggregation (ESMA) scheme, which consists of an FN which works as a data aggregation node. A FN uses paillier homomorphic encryption to aggregate the smart meter's multidimensional data and convert it in to a single ciphertext.…”

Privacy-Preserving Data Aggregation with Dynamic Billing in Fog-Based Smart Grid

“…Smart meters (SMs) are the core component of the SG. They can generate real-time electricity consumption data of users and periodically (e.g., every 15 min [4]) report the data to the service provider (SP) [5], who can analyse the data to anticipate electricity demands and adjust electricity generation and distribution [6]. Such a mechanism can significantly improve the reliability, flexibility and efficiency of the power system, thereby providing higher-quality services to users [7].…”