An Efficient Deep Learning Approach to Detect Neurodegenerative Diseases Using Retinal Images

Abstract

Neurodegenerative disorders are diagnosed through undergoing brain MRI, CT scans, genetic testing, and various laboratory screening tests which are often tedious, timeconsuming and beyond the means of most people's financial capabilities and sometimes health unconducive. To remedy this, we proposed an efficient deep learning approach to detect neurodegenerative diseases, for instance, Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease using retinal images. Efficient convolutional neural network-based architectures are used to classify brain diseases. The system enables the detection of brain diseases from retinal images rather than brain images effectively. Through the proposed system, we are able to proactively detect such disorders simply through retinal scans which are faster and simpler compared to the scanning of the brain itself which requires expensive and sophisticated equipment. We conducted our research on a dataset containing retinal cross-sectional images of 21 Multiple Sclerosis patients and 14 healthy individuals. Our model achieved 100% accuracy in classifying all healthy and diseased individuals from retinal scans.