An efficient facet shell element for corotational nonlinear analysis of thin and moderately thick laminated composite structures

A 3-Node Co-Rotational Triangular Elasto-Plastic Shell Element Using Vectorial Rotational Variables

“…A flat shell element with 5 degrees-of-freedom per corner node can be obtained by combining a conventional triangular membrane element with a standard 9-dof triangular bending element. On the other hand, if several elements of this type sharing the same node are coplanar, it is difficult to achieve inter-element compatibility between membrane and transverse displacements, and the assembled global stiffness matrix is singular in shell analysis due to the absence of in-plane rotation degrees-of-freedom [9][10][11][12]34]. In addition, flat shell elements with 5 degrees-of-freedom per node lack proper nodal degrees of freedom to model folded plate/shell structures, making the assembly of elements troublesome [35].…”

“…This type of elements cannot, however, be easily matched with other types of elements in modeling of complex structures. Alternatively, some researchers [9][10][11][12] added a sixth degree of freedom (the drilling rotation) at each node of flat triangular shell elements by combining a bending element and a membrane element with drilling rotational degrees-of-freedom. Such shell elements are very convenient for engineering applications since no special connection scheme is necessary at the shell edges and intersections, and no particular care needs to be taken when coupling shell and rod elements [36].…”

“…A 3-node triangular shell element can be formulated by combining a membrane element and a bending element [9][10][11][12], or by relying on three-dimensional continuum mechanics with the Reissner-Mindlin kinematic hypothesis and the plane-stress assumption [8,13]. Existing 3-node triangular shell elements can be categorized into 4 types: Type 1 with only 3 displacement degrees-of-freedom (dofs) per node [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]; Type 2 with 3 displacement dofs and 2 rotational dofs per node [23][24][25]; Type 3 with 3 displacement dofs at the vertices and the rotational dofs at side nodes [26][27]; Type 4 with 3 displacement dofs and 3 rotational dofs per node [28][29][30][31][32][33].…”

Application of DKMQ element for composite plate bending structures

“…Ayad et al [8], have developed laminated composite structures by using modified discrete Mindlin hypothesis for plate structure. The formulation of DKMT plate element into facet shell element by using the optimal membrane triangular OPT element for the geometrically nonlinear analysis of laminated composite structures has been introduced by Khosravi et al [9]. Botello et al [10] proposed a new triangle finite element for analysis of composite plate and shells structures.…”

Polar decomposition based corotational framework for triangular shell elements with distributed loads

“…That issue was also addressed by Rankin and Areias et al . The development of shell elements based on a corotational framework has generated an increased amount of interest in last years: a curved triangular shell element employing assumed strains was proposed in , a rotation‐free triangle was formulated in , and flat triangular shell elements for the analysis of thick shell or laminated composite structures were, respectively, formulated in and , to name but a few examples. A review on geometrically nonlinear analysis of shell structures based on the corotational approach and flat triangular shell elements has been presented in .…”