“…Nonetheless, with the explosion of connected fixed/mobile devices, the LTE networks are facing a number of challenges with respect to network congestion, radio frequency interference, link health, and others. To address these challenges, centroid topology optimization (CTO)-based schemes [9,32,37,39,45], which are capable of improving LTE network performance with respect to throughput, delay, delay standard deviation (DSD), packet loss ratio (PLR), signal-to-noise-plusinterference ratio (SNIR), modulation and coding scheme (MCS) index, and corresponding transport block size (TBS), have been widely used. To be specific, a CTO-based scheme is a position computation scheme, which deploys an eNodeB to the center-ofgravity of UEs within their transmission range.…”